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Heritability of cephalometric variables of airway morphology in twins with completed active growth

BACKGROUND: The interplay between genetic and environmental impacts on dental and facial morphology has been widely analyzed, but little is known about their relative contributions to airway morphology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic and environmental influences on the cephalometr...

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Autores principales: Šidlauskienė, Monika, Šidlauskas, Mantas, Šidlauskas, Antanas, Juzėnas, Simonas, Lopatienė, Kristina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10134508/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37106360
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-023-02919-x
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author Šidlauskienė, Monika
Šidlauskas, Mantas
Šidlauskas, Antanas
Juzėnas, Simonas
Lopatienė, Kristina
author_facet Šidlauskienė, Monika
Šidlauskas, Mantas
Šidlauskas, Antanas
Juzėnas, Simonas
Lopatienė, Kristina
author_sort Šidlauskienė, Monika
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The interplay between genetic and environmental impacts on dental and facial morphology has been widely analyzed, but little is known about their relative contributions to airway morphology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic and environmental influences on the cephalometric variables of airway morphology in a group of postpubertal twins with completed craniofacial growth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The materials comprised lateral head cephalograms of 94 pairs of twins (50 monozygotic, 44 dizygotic) with completed craniofacial growth. Zygosity was determined using 15 specific DNA markers. The computerized cephalometric analysis included 22 craniofacial, hyoideal, pharyngeal structural linear and angular variables. Genetic analysis and heritability estimation were performed using maximum likelihood genetic structural equation modeling (GSEM). Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to assess the correlations between cephalometric measurement variables. RESULTS: Upper airway dimensions showed moderate to high genetic determination (SPPW-SPP and U-MPW: a(2) = 0.64 and 0.5, respectively). Lower airway parameters showed only common and specific environmental determination (PPW-TPP a(2) = 0.24, e(2) = 0.38; LPW-V c(2) = 0.2, e(2) = 0.63; PCV-AH c(2) = 0.47, e(2) = 0.28). The relationship between the maxilla and the hyoid bone (for variables PNS-AH, ANS-AH d(2) = 0.9, 0.92, respectively) showed very strong additive genetic determination. The size of the soft palate was affected by additive and dominant genes. Its length (SPL) was strongly influenced by dominant genes, while its width (SPW) showed a moderate additive genetic influence. Owing to correlations in the behavior of variables, the data could be expressed in 5 principal components that jointly explained 36.8% of the total variance. CONCLUSIONS: The dimensions of the upper airway are strongly determined by genes, while the parameters of the lower airway depend mainly on environmental factors. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The protocol has been approved by the Kaunas Regional Ethical Committee (No. BE – 2–41., May 13, 2020).
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spelling pubmed-101345082023-04-28 Heritability of cephalometric variables of airway morphology in twins with completed active growth Šidlauskienė, Monika Šidlauskas, Mantas Šidlauskas, Antanas Juzėnas, Simonas Lopatienė, Kristina BMC Oral Health Research BACKGROUND: The interplay between genetic and environmental impacts on dental and facial morphology has been widely analyzed, but little is known about their relative contributions to airway morphology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the genetic and environmental influences on the cephalometric variables of airway morphology in a group of postpubertal twins with completed craniofacial growth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The materials comprised lateral head cephalograms of 94 pairs of twins (50 monozygotic, 44 dizygotic) with completed craniofacial growth. Zygosity was determined using 15 specific DNA markers. The computerized cephalometric analysis included 22 craniofacial, hyoideal, pharyngeal structural linear and angular variables. Genetic analysis and heritability estimation were performed using maximum likelihood genetic structural equation modeling (GSEM). Principal component analysis (PCA) was used to assess the correlations between cephalometric measurement variables. RESULTS: Upper airway dimensions showed moderate to high genetic determination (SPPW-SPP and U-MPW: a(2) = 0.64 and 0.5, respectively). Lower airway parameters showed only common and specific environmental determination (PPW-TPP a(2) = 0.24, e(2) = 0.38; LPW-V c(2) = 0.2, e(2) = 0.63; PCV-AH c(2) = 0.47, e(2) = 0.28). The relationship between the maxilla and the hyoid bone (for variables PNS-AH, ANS-AH d(2) = 0.9, 0.92, respectively) showed very strong additive genetic determination. The size of the soft palate was affected by additive and dominant genes. Its length (SPL) was strongly influenced by dominant genes, while its width (SPW) showed a moderate additive genetic influence. Owing to correlations in the behavior of variables, the data could be expressed in 5 principal components that jointly explained 36.8% of the total variance. CONCLUSIONS: The dimensions of the upper airway are strongly determined by genes, while the parameters of the lower airway depend mainly on environmental factors. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The protocol has been approved by the Kaunas Regional Ethical Committee (No. BE – 2–41., May 13, 2020). BioMed Central 2023-04-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10134508/ /pubmed/37106360 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-023-02919-x Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Šidlauskienė, Monika
Šidlauskas, Mantas
Šidlauskas, Antanas
Juzėnas, Simonas
Lopatienė, Kristina
Heritability of cephalometric variables of airway morphology in twins with completed active growth
title Heritability of cephalometric variables of airway morphology in twins with completed active growth
title_full Heritability of cephalometric variables of airway morphology in twins with completed active growth
title_fullStr Heritability of cephalometric variables of airway morphology in twins with completed active growth
title_full_unstemmed Heritability of cephalometric variables of airway morphology in twins with completed active growth
title_short Heritability of cephalometric variables of airway morphology in twins with completed active growth
title_sort heritability of cephalometric variables of airway morphology in twins with completed active growth
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10134508/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37106360
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12903-023-02919-x
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