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A Diet Rich in HUFAs Enhances the Energetic and Immune Response Capacities of Larvae of the Scallop Argopecten purpuratus
SIMPLE SUMMARY: Scallop aquaculture depends on hatchery-reared larvae that frequently present mass mortalities due to bacterial infections. Herein, it was demonstrated that the administration of a diet based on microalgae rich in omega 3 increases larval cell membrane fluidity and energy metabolic c...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10135034/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37106979 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13081416 |
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author | Rojas, Isis Cárcamo, Claudia B. Defranchi, Yohana Jeno, Katherine Rengel, José Araya, Michael Tarnok, María Elena Aguilar, Luis Álvarez, Gonzalo Schmitt, Paulina Brokordt, Katherina |
author_facet | Rojas, Isis Cárcamo, Claudia B. Defranchi, Yohana Jeno, Katherine Rengel, José Araya, Michael Tarnok, María Elena Aguilar, Luis Álvarez, Gonzalo Schmitt, Paulina Brokordt, Katherina |
author_sort | Rojas, Isis |
collection | PubMed |
description | SIMPLE SUMMARY: Scallop aquaculture depends on hatchery-reared larvae that frequently present mass mortalities due to bacterial infections. Herein, it was demonstrated that the administration of a diet based on microalgae rich in omega 3 increases larval cell membrane fluidity and energy metabolic capacity, which in turn enhances immune capacity and resistance to bacterial infection. Additionally, this diet enhances larval growth and survival; thus, its application would be a promising strategy for improving scallop aquaculture productivity. ABSTRACT: Massive mortalities in farmed larvae of the scallop Argopecten purpuratus have been associated with pathogenic Vibrio outbreaks. An energetic trade-off between development-associated demands and immune capacity has been observed. Given that highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs) are essential nutrients for larval development, we evaluated the effect of diets based on microalgae low and high in HUFAs (LH and HH, respectively) on the energetic condition and the immune response of scallop larvae. The results showed that the HH diet increased cellular membrane fluidity in veliger larvae. The routine respiration rate was 64% higher in the HH-fed veligers than in the LH-fed veligers. Additionally, the metabolic capacity tended to be higher in the HH-fed veligers than in the LH-fed veligers after the Vibrio challenge. After the challenge, the HH-fed veligers presented higher transcript induction of ApTLR (immune receptor) and ApGlys (immune effector) genes, and the HH-fed pediveligers presented higher induction of ApLBP/BPI1 (antimicrobial immune effector) gene, than the LH-fed larvae. Furthermore, the HH-fed veligers controlled total Vibrio proliferation (maintaining near basal levels) after the bacterial challenge, while the LH-fed veligers were not able to control this proliferation, which increased three-fold. Finally, the HH-fed larvae showed 20–25% higher growth and survival rates than the LH-fed veligers. Overall, the results indicated that the administration of a HH diet increases cell membrane fluidity and energy metabolic capacity, which in turn enhances immunity and the ability to control Vibrio proliferation. The administration of microalgae high in HUFAs would be a promising strategy for improving scallop larval production efficiency. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10135034 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101350342023-04-28 A Diet Rich in HUFAs Enhances the Energetic and Immune Response Capacities of Larvae of the Scallop Argopecten purpuratus Rojas, Isis Cárcamo, Claudia B. Defranchi, Yohana Jeno, Katherine Rengel, José Araya, Michael Tarnok, María Elena Aguilar, Luis Álvarez, Gonzalo Schmitt, Paulina Brokordt, Katherina Animals (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: Scallop aquaculture depends on hatchery-reared larvae that frequently present mass mortalities due to bacterial infections. Herein, it was demonstrated that the administration of a diet based on microalgae rich in omega 3 increases larval cell membrane fluidity and energy metabolic capacity, which in turn enhances immune capacity and resistance to bacterial infection. Additionally, this diet enhances larval growth and survival; thus, its application would be a promising strategy for improving scallop aquaculture productivity. ABSTRACT: Massive mortalities in farmed larvae of the scallop Argopecten purpuratus have been associated with pathogenic Vibrio outbreaks. An energetic trade-off between development-associated demands and immune capacity has been observed. Given that highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFAs) are essential nutrients for larval development, we evaluated the effect of diets based on microalgae low and high in HUFAs (LH and HH, respectively) on the energetic condition and the immune response of scallop larvae. The results showed that the HH diet increased cellular membrane fluidity in veliger larvae. The routine respiration rate was 64% higher in the HH-fed veligers than in the LH-fed veligers. Additionally, the metabolic capacity tended to be higher in the HH-fed veligers than in the LH-fed veligers after the Vibrio challenge. After the challenge, the HH-fed veligers presented higher transcript induction of ApTLR (immune receptor) and ApGlys (immune effector) genes, and the HH-fed pediveligers presented higher induction of ApLBP/BPI1 (antimicrobial immune effector) gene, than the LH-fed larvae. Furthermore, the HH-fed veligers controlled total Vibrio proliferation (maintaining near basal levels) after the bacterial challenge, while the LH-fed veligers were not able to control this proliferation, which increased three-fold. Finally, the HH-fed larvae showed 20–25% higher growth and survival rates than the LH-fed veligers. Overall, the results indicated that the administration of a HH diet increases cell membrane fluidity and energy metabolic capacity, which in turn enhances immunity and the ability to control Vibrio proliferation. The administration of microalgae high in HUFAs would be a promising strategy for improving scallop larval production efficiency. MDPI 2023-04-20 /pmc/articles/PMC10135034/ /pubmed/37106979 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13081416 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Rojas, Isis Cárcamo, Claudia B. Defranchi, Yohana Jeno, Katherine Rengel, José Araya, Michael Tarnok, María Elena Aguilar, Luis Álvarez, Gonzalo Schmitt, Paulina Brokordt, Katherina A Diet Rich in HUFAs Enhances the Energetic and Immune Response Capacities of Larvae of the Scallop Argopecten purpuratus |
title | A Diet Rich in HUFAs Enhances the Energetic and Immune Response Capacities of Larvae of the Scallop Argopecten purpuratus |
title_full | A Diet Rich in HUFAs Enhances the Energetic and Immune Response Capacities of Larvae of the Scallop Argopecten purpuratus |
title_fullStr | A Diet Rich in HUFAs Enhances the Energetic and Immune Response Capacities of Larvae of the Scallop Argopecten purpuratus |
title_full_unstemmed | A Diet Rich in HUFAs Enhances the Energetic and Immune Response Capacities of Larvae of the Scallop Argopecten purpuratus |
title_short | A Diet Rich in HUFAs Enhances the Energetic and Immune Response Capacities of Larvae of the Scallop Argopecten purpuratus |
title_sort | diet rich in hufas enhances the energetic and immune response capacities of larvae of the scallop argopecten purpuratus |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10135034/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37106979 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13081416 |
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