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Evolutionarily Conserved Role of Thioredoxin Systems in Determining Longevity

Thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase are evolutionarily conserved antioxidant enzymes that protect organisms from oxidative stress. These proteins also play roles in redox signaling and can act as a redox-independent cellular chaperone. In most organisms, there is a cytoplasmic and mitochondrial th...

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Autores principales: AlOkda, Abdelrahman, Van Raamsdonk, Jeremy M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10135697/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37107319
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox12040944
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author AlOkda, Abdelrahman
Van Raamsdonk, Jeremy M.
author_facet AlOkda, Abdelrahman
Van Raamsdonk, Jeremy M.
author_sort AlOkda, Abdelrahman
collection PubMed
description Thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase are evolutionarily conserved antioxidant enzymes that protect organisms from oxidative stress. These proteins also play roles in redox signaling and can act as a redox-independent cellular chaperone. In most organisms, there is a cytoplasmic and mitochondrial thioredoxin system. A number of studies have examined the role of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase in determining longevity. Disruption of either thioredoxin or thioredoxin reductase is sufficient to shorten lifespan in model organisms including yeast, worms, flies and mice, thereby indicating conservation across species. Similarly, increasing the expression of thioredoxin or thioredoxin reductase can extend longevity in multiple model organisms. In humans, there is an association between a specific genetic variant of thioredoxin reductase and lifespan. Overall, the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial thioredoxin systems are both important for longevity.
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spelling pubmed-101356972023-04-28 Evolutionarily Conserved Role of Thioredoxin Systems in Determining Longevity AlOkda, Abdelrahman Van Raamsdonk, Jeremy M. Antioxidants (Basel) Review Thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase are evolutionarily conserved antioxidant enzymes that protect organisms from oxidative stress. These proteins also play roles in redox signaling and can act as a redox-independent cellular chaperone. In most organisms, there is a cytoplasmic and mitochondrial thioredoxin system. A number of studies have examined the role of thioredoxin and thioredoxin reductase in determining longevity. Disruption of either thioredoxin or thioredoxin reductase is sufficient to shorten lifespan in model organisms including yeast, worms, flies and mice, thereby indicating conservation across species. Similarly, increasing the expression of thioredoxin or thioredoxin reductase can extend longevity in multiple model organisms. In humans, there is an association between a specific genetic variant of thioredoxin reductase and lifespan. Overall, the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial thioredoxin systems are both important for longevity. MDPI 2023-04-17 /pmc/articles/PMC10135697/ /pubmed/37107319 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox12040944 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
AlOkda, Abdelrahman
Van Raamsdonk, Jeremy M.
Evolutionarily Conserved Role of Thioredoxin Systems in Determining Longevity
title Evolutionarily Conserved Role of Thioredoxin Systems in Determining Longevity
title_full Evolutionarily Conserved Role of Thioredoxin Systems in Determining Longevity
title_fullStr Evolutionarily Conserved Role of Thioredoxin Systems in Determining Longevity
title_full_unstemmed Evolutionarily Conserved Role of Thioredoxin Systems in Determining Longevity
title_short Evolutionarily Conserved Role of Thioredoxin Systems in Determining Longevity
title_sort evolutionarily conserved role of thioredoxin systems in determining longevity
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10135697/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37107319
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox12040944
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