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Epidemiology and Risk Factor Analysis of Children with Bronchiolitis Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit at a Tertiary Care Center in Saudi Arabia

Bronchiolitis is a leading cause of hospitalization worldwide for children aged ≤2 years. Few studies have compared general ward and pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admissions, particularly in Saudi Arabia. This retrospective cohort study aimed to compare the demographic and clinical characteri...

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Autores principales: Osman, Sara, Alaa adeen, Abdulqader, Hetta, Omar, Alsiraihi, Abdulaziz, Bader, Mahmoud, Aloufi, Alwaleed, Abushouk, Amir, Al-hindi, Mohammed Yasir
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10136570/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37189894
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10040646
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author Osman, Sara
Alaa adeen, Abdulqader
Hetta, Omar
Alsiraihi, Abdulaziz
Bader, Mahmoud
Aloufi, Alwaleed
Abushouk, Amir
Al-hindi, Mohammed Yasir
author_facet Osman, Sara
Alaa adeen, Abdulqader
Hetta, Omar
Alsiraihi, Abdulaziz
Bader, Mahmoud
Aloufi, Alwaleed
Abushouk, Amir
Al-hindi, Mohammed Yasir
author_sort Osman, Sara
collection PubMed
description Bronchiolitis is a leading cause of hospitalization worldwide for children aged ≤2 years. Few studies have compared general ward and pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admissions, particularly in Saudi Arabia. This retrospective cohort study aimed to compare the demographic and clinical characteristics of children with bronchiolitis admitted to the general ward with those admitted to the PICU. Children (≤6 years) previously diagnosed with bronchiolitis and admitted to the PICU or general ward at a tertiary center in Saudi Arabia between May 2016 and May 2021 were included. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction was used to identify respiratory viruses. Of the 417 patients enrolled, 67 (16.06%) were admitted to the PICU. The PICU group was younger (median, 2 months; interquartile range [IQR], 1–5 months) vs. (6 months; IQR, 2.65–13.25 months). There was a dramatic reduction in bronchiolitis admissions during the COVID-19 pandemic. The most common causative virus was respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (54.9%). In the multivariate regression analysis, hypoxia, hyperinflation on X-ray, and non-RSV bronchiolitis were independently associated with PICU admission. However, a higher chronological age and cough were protective. Children with Down syndrome, immunodeficiency, or neuromuscular disorders, and intermediate preterm infants (29–33 weeks of gestation) are at a high risk of PICU admission (adjusted odds ratio: 2.4, 7.1, 2.9, and 2.9; p = 0.037, 0.046, 0.033, and 0.029, respectively). Bronchiolitis is still one of the leading causes of PICU admission. Particular attention should be paid to preventive measures, especially in the post-COVID-19 era, targeting high-risk groups.
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spelling pubmed-101365702023-04-28 Epidemiology and Risk Factor Analysis of Children with Bronchiolitis Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit at a Tertiary Care Center in Saudi Arabia Osman, Sara Alaa adeen, Abdulqader Hetta, Omar Alsiraihi, Abdulaziz Bader, Mahmoud Aloufi, Alwaleed Abushouk, Amir Al-hindi, Mohammed Yasir Children (Basel) Article Bronchiolitis is a leading cause of hospitalization worldwide for children aged ≤2 years. Few studies have compared general ward and pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) admissions, particularly in Saudi Arabia. This retrospective cohort study aimed to compare the demographic and clinical characteristics of children with bronchiolitis admitted to the general ward with those admitted to the PICU. Children (≤6 years) previously diagnosed with bronchiolitis and admitted to the PICU or general ward at a tertiary center in Saudi Arabia between May 2016 and May 2021 were included. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction was used to identify respiratory viruses. Of the 417 patients enrolled, 67 (16.06%) were admitted to the PICU. The PICU group was younger (median, 2 months; interquartile range [IQR], 1–5 months) vs. (6 months; IQR, 2.65–13.25 months). There was a dramatic reduction in bronchiolitis admissions during the COVID-19 pandemic. The most common causative virus was respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) (54.9%). In the multivariate regression analysis, hypoxia, hyperinflation on X-ray, and non-RSV bronchiolitis were independently associated with PICU admission. However, a higher chronological age and cough were protective. Children with Down syndrome, immunodeficiency, or neuromuscular disorders, and intermediate preterm infants (29–33 weeks of gestation) are at a high risk of PICU admission (adjusted odds ratio: 2.4, 7.1, 2.9, and 2.9; p = 0.037, 0.046, 0.033, and 0.029, respectively). Bronchiolitis is still one of the leading causes of PICU admission. Particular attention should be paid to preventive measures, especially in the post-COVID-19 era, targeting high-risk groups. MDPI 2023-03-30 /pmc/articles/PMC10136570/ /pubmed/37189894 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10040646 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Osman, Sara
Alaa adeen, Abdulqader
Hetta, Omar
Alsiraihi, Abdulaziz
Bader, Mahmoud
Aloufi, Alwaleed
Abushouk, Amir
Al-hindi, Mohammed Yasir
Epidemiology and Risk Factor Analysis of Children with Bronchiolitis Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit at a Tertiary Care Center in Saudi Arabia
title Epidemiology and Risk Factor Analysis of Children with Bronchiolitis Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit at a Tertiary Care Center in Saudi Arabia
title_full Epidemiology and Risk Factor Analysis of Children with Bronchiolitis Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit at a Tertiary Care Center in Saudi Arabia
title_fullStr Epidemiology and Risk Factor Analysis of Children with Bronchiolitis Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit at a Tertiary Care Center in Saudi Arabia
title_full_unstemmed Epidemiology and Risk Factor Analysis of Children with Bronchiolitis Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit at a Tertiary Care Center in Saudi Arabia
title_short Epidemiology and Risk Factor Analysis of Children with Bronchiolitis Admitted to the Intensive Care Unit at a Tertiary Care Center in Saudi Arabia
title_sort epidemiology and risk factor analysis of children with bronchiolitis admitted to the intensive care unit at a tertiary care center in saudi arabia
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10136570/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37189894
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children10040646
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