Intestinal Microbes and Hematological Malignancies

SIMPLE SUMMARY: Gut microbes, which constitute the most complex and essential micro-ecosystem in the body, are known as the second genome of the human body. The relationships of micro-ecosystems have been increasingly studied over the last few years; it has been shown that human metabolism and immunity may be altered in the absence of microbial balance, which not only affects the initiation and progression of malignant malignancies, but affects tumor treatment response and tumor treatment-related complications as well. ABSTRACT: Hematological malignancies are diverse, with high malignancy characteristics, poor prognoses, and high mortality rates. The development of hematological malignancies is driven by genetic factors, tumor microenvironment factors, or metabolic factors; however, even when considering all of these factors, one still cannot fully estimate the risk of hematological malignancies. Several recent studies have demonstrated an intimate connection between intestinal microbes and the progression of hematological malignancies, and gut microbes play a primary role in the initiation and progression of hematological tumors through direct and indirect mechanisms. Thus, we summarize the correlation between intestinal microbes and hematological malignancies’ onset, progression, and therapeutic effect in order to better understand how intestinal microbes affect their initiation and progression, especially in leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma, which may provide potential therapeutic targets for improving the survival of patients with hematological malignancies.