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Physico-Chemical Properties and Texturization of Pea, Wheat and Soy Proteins Using Extrusion and Their Application in Plant-Based Meat

Four commercial pea protein isolates were analyzed for their physico-chemical properties including water absorption capacity (WAC), least gelation concentration (LGC), rapid visco analyzer (RVA) pasting, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)-based heat-induced denaturation and phase transition (PT...

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Autores principales: Webb, Delaney, Dogan, Hulya, Li, Yonghui, Alavi, Sajid
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10137858/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37107382
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12081586
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author Webb, Delaney
Dogan, Hulya
Li, Yonghui
Alavi, Sajid
author_facet Webb, Delaney
Dogan, Hulya
Li, Yonghui
Alavi, Sajid
author_sort Webb, Delaney
collection PubMed
description Four commercial pea protein isolates were analyzed for their physico-chemical properties including water absorption capacity (WAC), least gelation concentration (LGC), rapid visco analyzer (RVA) pasting, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)-based heat-induced denaturation and phase transition (PTA) flow temperature. The proteins were also extruded using pilot-scale twin-screw extrusion with relatively low process moisture to create texturized plant-based meat analog products. Wheat-gluten- and soy-protein-based formulations were similarly analyzed, with the intent to study difference between protein types (pea, wheat and soy). Proteins with a high WAC also had cold-swelling properties, high LGC, low PTA flow temperature and were most soluble in non-reducing SDS-PAGE. These proteins had the highest cross-linking potential, required the least specific mechanical energy during extrusion and led to a porous and less layered texturized internal structure. The formulation containing soy protein isolate and most pea proteins were in this category, although there were notable differences within the latter depending on the commercial source. On the other hand, soy-protein-concentrate- and wheat-gluten-based formulations had almost contrary functional properties and extrusion characteristics, with a dense, layered extrudate structure due to their heat-swelling and/or low cold-swelling characteristics. The textural properties (hardness, chewiness and springiness) of the hydrated ground product and patties also varied depending on protein functionality. With a plethora of plant protein options for texturization, understanding and relating the differences in raw material properties to the corresponding extruded product quality can help tailor formulations and accelerate the development and design of plant-based meat with the desired textural qualities.
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spelling pubmed-101378582023-04-28 Physico-Chemical Properties and Texturization of Pea, Wheat and Soy Proteins Using Extrusion and Their Application in Plant-Based Meat Webb, Delaney Dogan, Hulya Li, Yonghui Alavi, Sajid Foods Article Four commercial pea protein isolates were analyzed for their physico-chemical properties including water absorption capacity (WAC), least gelation concentration (LGC), rapid visco analyzer (RVA) pasting, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC)-based heat-induced denaturation and phase transition (PTA) flow temperature. The proteins were also extruded using pilot-scale twin-screw extrusion with relatively low process moisture to create texturized plant-based meat analog products. Wheat-gluten- and soy-protein-based formulations were similarly analyzed, with the intent to study difference between protein types (pea, wheat and soy). Proteins with a high WAC also had cold-swelling properties, high LGC, low PTA flow temperature and were most soluble in non-reducing SDS-PAGE. These proteins had the highest cross-linking potential, required the least specific mechanical energy during extrusion and led to a porous and less layered texturized internal structure. The formulation containing soy protein isolate and most pea proteins were in this category, although there were notable differences within the latter depending on the commercial source. On the other hand, soy-protein-concentrate- and wheat-gluten-based formulations had almost contrary functional properties and extrusion characteristics, with a dense, layered extrudate structure due to their heat-swelling and/or low cold-swelling characteristics. The textural properties (hardness, chewiness and springiness) of the hydrated ground product and patties also varied depending on protein functionality. With a plethora of plant protein options for texturization, understanding and relating the differences in raw material properties to the corresponding extruded product quality can help tailor formulations and accelerate the development and design of plant-based meat with the desired textural qualities. MDPI 2023-04-08 /pmc/articles/PMC10137858/ /pubmed/37107382 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12081586 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Webb, Delaney
Dogan, Hulya
Li, Yonghui
Alavi, Sajid
Physico-Chemical Properties and Texturization of Pea, Wheat and Soy Proteins Using Extrusion and Their Application in Plant-Based Meat
title Physico-Chemical Properties and Texturization of Pea, Wheat and Soy Proteins Using Extrusion and Their Application in Plant-Based Meat
title_full Physico-Chemical Properties and Texturization of Pea, Wheat and Soy Proteins Using Extrusion and Their Application in Plant-Based Meat
title_fullStr Physico-Chemical Properties and Texturization of Pea, Wheat and Soy Proteins Using Extrusion and Their Application in Plant-Based Meat
title_full_unstemmed Physico-Chemical Properties and Texturization of Pea, Wheat and Soy Proteins Using Extrusion and Their Application in Plant-Based Meat
title_short Physico-Chemical Properties and Texturization of Pea, Wheat and Soy Proteins Using Extrusion and Their Application in Plant-Based Meat
title_sort physico-chemical properties and texturization of pea, wheat and soy proteins using extrusion and their application in plant-based meat
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10137858/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37107382
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12081586
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