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A Quantum–Classical Model of Brain Dynamics
The study of the human psyche has elucidated a bipartite structure of logic reflecting the quantum–classical nature of the world. Accordingly, we posited an approach toward studying the brain by means of the quantum–classical dynamics of a mixed Weyl symbol. The mixed Weyl symbol can be used to desc...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10138112/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37190380 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25040592 |
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author | Sergi, Alessandro Messina, Antonino Vicario, Carmelo M. Martino, Gabriella |
author_facet | Sergi, Alessandro Messina, Antonino Vicario, Carmelo M. Martino, Gabriella |
author_sort | Sergi, Alessandro |
collection | PubMed |
description | The study of the human psyche has elucidated a bipartite structure of logic reflecting the quantum–classical nature of the world. Accordingly, we posited an approach toward studying the brain by means of the quantum–classical dynamics of a mixed Weyl symbol. The mixed Weyl symbol can be used to describe brain processes at the microscopic level and, when averaged over an appropriate ensemble, can provide a link to the results of measurements made at the meso and macro scale. Within this approach, quantum variables (such as, for example, nuclear and electron spins, dipole momenta of particles or molecules, tunneling degrees of freedom, and so on) can be represented by spinors, whereas the electromagnetic fields and phonon modes can be treated either classically or semi-classically in phase space by also considering quantum zero-point fluctuations. Quantum zero-point effects can be incorporated into numerical simulations by controlling the temperature of each field mode via coupling to a dedicated Nosé–Hoover chain thermostat. The temperature of each thermostat was chosen in order to reproduce quantum statistics in the canonical ensemble. In this first paper, we introduce a general quantum–classical Hamiltonian model that can be tailored to study physical processes at the interface between the quantum and the classical world in the brain. While the approach is discussed in detail, numerical calculations are not reported in the present paper, but they are planned for future work. Our theory of brain dynamics subsumes some compatible aspects of three well-known quantum approaches to brain dynamics, namely the electromagnetic field theory approach, the orchestrated objective reduction theory, and the dissipative quantum model of the brain. All three models are reviewed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10138112 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101381122023-04-28 A Quantum–Classical Model of Brain Dynamics Sergi, Alessandro Messina, Antonino Vicario, Carmelo M. Martino, Gabriella Entropy (Basel) Article The study of the human psyche has elucidated a bipartite structure of logic reflecting the quantum–classical nature of the world. Accordingly, we posited an approach toward studying the brain by means of the quantum–classical dynamics of a mixed Weyl symbol. The mixed Weyl symbol can be used to describe brain processes at the microscopic level and, when averaged over an appropriate ensemble, can provide a link to the results of measurements made at the meso and macro scale. Within this approach, quantum variables (such as, for example, nuclear and electron spins, dipole momenta of particles or molecules, tunneling degrees of freedom, and so on) can be represented by spinors, whereas the electromagnetic fields and phonon modes can be treated either classically or semi-classically in phase space by also considering quantum zero-point fluctuations. Quantum zero-point effects can be incorporated into numerical simulations by controlling the temperature of each field mode via coupling to a dedicated Nosé–Hoover chain thermostat. The temperature of each thermostat was chosen in order to reproduce quantum statistics in the canonical ensemble. In this first paper, we introduce a general quantum–classical Hamiltonian model that can be tailored to study physical processes at the interface between the quantum and the classical world in the brain. While the approach is discussed in detail, numerical calculations are not reported in the present paper, but they are planned for future work. Our theory of brain dynamics subsumes some compatible aspects of three well-known quantum approaches to brain dynamics, namely the electromagnetic field theory approach, the orchestrated objective reduction theory, and the dissipative quantum model of the brain. All three models are reviewed. MDPI 2023-03-30 /pmc/articles/PMC10138112/ /pubmed/37190380 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25040592 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Sergi, Alessandro Messina, Antonino Vicario, Carmelo M. Martino, Gabriella A Quantum–Classical Model of Brain Dynamics |
title | A Quantum–Classical Model of Brain Dynamics |
title_full | A Quantum–Classical Model of Brain Dynamics |
title_fullStr | A Quantum–Classical Model of Brain Dynamics |
title_full_unstemmed | A Quantum–Classical Model of Brain Dynamics |
title_short | A Quantum–Classical Model of Brain Dynamics |
title_sort | quantum–classical model of brain dynamics |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10138112/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37190380 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25040592 |
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