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Genomic Characterization and Genetic Profiles of Salmonella Gallinarum Strains Isolated from Layers with Fowl Typhoid in Colombia

Salmonella Gallinarum (SG) is the causative agent of fowl typhoid (FT), a disease that is harmful to the poultry industry. Despite sanitation and prophylactic measures, this pathogen is associated with frequent disease outbreaks in developing countries, causing high morbidity and mortality. We chara...

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Autores principales: Chacón, Ruy D., Ramírez, Manuel, Rodríguez-Cueva, Carmen L., Sánchez, Christian, Quispe-Rojas, Wilma Ursula, Astolfi-Ferreira, Claudete S., Piantino Ferreira, Antonio J.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10138188/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37107581
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14040823
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author Chacón, Ruy D.
Ramírez, Manuel
Rodríguez-Cueva, Carmen L.
Sánchez, Christian
Quispe-Rojas, Wilma Ursula
Astolfi-Ferreira, Claudete S.
Piantino Ferreira, Antonio J.
author_facet Chacón, Ruy D.
Ramírez, Manuel
Rodríguez-Cueva, Carmen L.
Sánchez, Christian
Quispe-Rojas, Wilma Ursula
Astolfi-Ferreira, Claudete S.
Piantino Ferreira, Antonio J.
author_sort Chacón, Ruy D.
collection PubMed
description Salmonella Gallinarum (SG) is the causative agent of fowl typhoid (FT), a disease that is harmful to the poultry industry. Despite sanitation and prophylactic measures, this pathogen is associated with frequent disease outbreaks in developing countries, causing high morbidity and mortality. We characterized the complete genome sequence of Colombian SG strains and then performed a comparative genome analysis with other SG strains found in different regions worldwide. Eight field strains of SG plus a 9R-derived vaccine were subjected to whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and bioinformatics analysis, and the results were used for subsequent molecular typing; virulome, resistome, and mobilome characterization; and a comparative genome study. We identified 26 chromosome-located resistance genes that mostly encode efflux pumps, and point mutations were found in gyrase genes (gyrA and gyrB), with the gyrB mutation S464T frequently found in the Colombian strains. Moreover, we detected 135 virulence genes, mainly in 15 different Salmonella pathogenicity islands (SPIs). We generated an SPI profile for SG, including C63PI, CS54, ssaD, SPI-1, SPI-2, SPI-3, SPI-4, SPI-5, SPI-6, SPI-9, SPI-10, SPI-11, SPI-12, SPI-13, and SPI-14. Regarding mobile genetic elements, we found the plasmids Col(pHAD28) and IncFII(S) in most of the strains and 13 different prophage sequences, indicating a frequently obtained profile that included the complete phage Gifsy_2 and incomplete phage sequences resembling Escher_500465_2, Shigel_SfIV, Entero_mEp237, and Salmon_SJ46. This study presents, for the first time, the genomic content of Colombian SG strains and a profile of the genetic elements frequently found in SG, which can be further studied to clarify the pathogenicity and evolutionary characteristics of this serotype.
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spelling pubmed-101381882023-04-28 Genomic Characterization and Genetic Profiles of Salmonella Gallinarum Strains Isolated from Layers with Fowl Typhoid in Colombia Chacón, Ruy D. Ramírez, Manuel Rodríguez-Cueva, Carmen L. Sánchez, Christian Quispe-Rojas, Wilma Ursula Astolfi-Ferreira, Claudete S. Piantino Ferreira, Antonio J. Genes (Basel) Article Salmonella Gallinarum (SG) is the causative agent of fowl typhoid (FT), a disease that is harmful to the poultry industry. Despite sanitation and prophylactic measures, this pathogen is associated with frequent disease outbreaks in developing countries, causing high morbidity and mortality. We characterized the complete genome sequence of Colombian SG strains and then performed a comparative genome analysis with other SG strains found in different regions worldwide. Eight field strains of SG plus a 9R-derived vaccine were subjected to whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and bioinformatics analysis, and the results were used for subsequent molecular typing; virulome, resistome, and mobilome characterization; and a comparative genome study. We identified 26 chromosome-located resistance genes that mostly encode efflux pumps, and point mutations were found in gyrase genes (gyrA and gyrB), with the gyrB mutation S464T frequently found in the Colombian strains. Moreover, we detected 135 virulence genes, mainly in 15 different Salmonella pathogenicity islands (SPIs). We generated an SPI profile for SG, including C63PI, CS54, ssaD, SPI-1, SPI-2, SPI-3, SPI-4, SPI-5, SPI-6, SPI-9, SPI-10, SPI-11, SPI-12, SPI-13, and SPI-14. Regarding mobile genetic elements, we found the plasmids Col(pHAD28) and IncFII(S) in most of the strains and 13 different prophage sequences, indicating a frequently obtained profile that included the complete phage Gifsy_2 and incomplete phage sequences resembling Escher_500465_2, Shigel_SfIV, Entero_mEp237, and Salmon_SJ46. This study presents, for the first time, the genomic content of Colombian SG strains and a profile of the genetic elements frequently found in SG, which can be further studied to clarify the pathogenicity and evolutionary characteristics of this serotype. MDPI 2023-03-29 /pmc/articles/PMC10138188/ /pubmed/37107581 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14040823 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Chacón, Ruy D.
Ramírez, Manuel
Rodríguez-Cueva, Carmen L.
Sánchez, Christian
Quispe-Rojas, Wilma Ursula
Astolfi-Ferreira, Claudete S.
Piantino Ferreira, Antonio J.
Genomic Characterization and Genetic Profiles of Salmonella Gallinarum Strains Isolated from Layers with Fowl Typhoid in Colombia
title Genomic Characterization and Genetic Profiles of Salmonella Gallinarum Strains Isolated from Layers with Fowl Typhoid in Colombia
title_full Genomic Characterization and Genetic Profiles of Salmonella Gallinarum Strains Isolated from Layers with Fowl Typhoid in Colombia
title_fullStr Genomic Characterization and Genetic Profiles of Salmonella Gallinarum Strains Isolated from Layers with Fowl Typhoid in Colombia
title_full_unstemmed Genomic Characterization and Genetic Profiles of Salmonella Gallinarum Strains Isolated from Layers with Fowl Typhoid in Colombia
title_short Genomic Characterization and Genetic Profiles of Salmonella Gallinarum Strains Isolated from Layers with Fowl Typhoid in Colombia
title_sort genomic characterization and genetic profiles of salmonella gallinarum strains isolated from layers with fowl typhoid in colombia
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10138188/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37107581
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14040823
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