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Spatial-Temporal Heterogeneity in Large Three-Dimensional Nanofibrillar Cellulose Hydrogel for Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Culture
One approach to cell expansion is to use large hydrogel for growing a large number of cells. Nanofibrillar cellulose (NFC) hydrogel has been used for human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSCs) expansion. However, little is known about the status of hiPSCs at the single cell level inside large NFC...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10138276/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37102936 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9040324 |
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author | Hao, Jin Chen, Ying Zhu, Mingjian Zhao, Yingqing Zhang, Kai Xu, Xia |
author_facet | Hao, Jin Chen, Ying Zhu, Mingjian Zhao, Yingqing Zhang, Kai Xu, Xia |
author_sort | Hao, Jin |
collection | PubMed |
description | One approach to cell expansion is to use large hydrogel for growing a large number of cells. Nanofibrillar cellulose (NFC) hydrogel has been used for human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSCs) expansion. However, little is known about the status of hiPSCs at the single cell level inside large NFC hydrogel during culture. To understand the effect of NFC hydrogel property on temporal–spatial heterogeneity, hiPSCs were cultured in 0.8 wt% NFC hydrogel with different thicknesses with the top surface exposed to the culture medium. The prepared hydrogel exhibits less restriction in mass transfer due to the presence of macropores and micropores interconnecting the macropores. More than 85% of cells at different depths survive after 5 days of culture inside 3.5 mm thick hydrogel. Biological compositions at different zones inside the NFC gel were examined over time at a single-cell level. A dramatic concentration gradient of growth factors estimated in the simulation along 3.5 mm NFC hydrogel could be a reason for the spatial–temporal heterogeneity in protein secondary structure and protein glycosylation and pluripotency loss at the bottom zone. pH change caused by the lactic acid accumulation over time leads to changes in cellulose charge and growth factor potential, probably another reason for the heterogeneity in biochemical compositions. This study may help to develop optimal conditions for producing high-quality hiPSCs in large nanofibrillar cellulose hydrogel at scale. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10138276 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101382762023-04-28 Spatial-Temporal Heterogeneity in Large Three-Dimensional Nanofibrillar Cellulose Hydrogel for Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Culture Hao, Jin Chen, Ying Zhu, Mingjian Zhao, Yingqing Zhang, Kai Xu, Xia Gels Article One approach to cell expansion is to use large hydrogel for growing a large number of cells. Nanofibrillar cellulose (NFC) hydrogel has been used for human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSCs) expansion. However, little is known about the status of hiPSCs at the single cell level inside large NFC hydrogel during culture. To understand the effect of NFC hydrogel property on temporal–spatial heterogeneity, hiPSCs were cultured in 0.8 wt% NFC hydrogel with different thicknesses with the top surface exposed to the culture medium. The prepared hydrogel exhibits less restriction in mass transfer due to the presence of macropores and micropores interconnecting the macropores. More than 85% of cells at different depths survive after 5 days of culture inside 3.5 mm thick hydrogel. Biological compositions at different zones inside the NFC gel were examined over time at a single-cell level. A dramatic concentration gradient of growth factors estimated in the simulation along 3.5 mm NFC hydrogel could be a reason for the spatial–temporal heterogeneity in protein secondary structure and protein glycosylation and pluripotency loss at the bottom zone. pH change caused by the lactic acid accumulation over time leads to changes in cellulose charge and growth factor potential, probably another reason for the heterogeneity in biochemical compositions. This study may help to develop optimal conditions for producing high-quality hiPSCs in large nanofibrillar cellulose hydrogel at scale. MDPI 2023-04-12 /pmc/articles/PMC10138276/ /pubmed/37102936 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9040324 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Hao, Jin Chen, Ying Zhu, Mingjian Zhao, Yingqing Zhang, Kai Xu, Xia Spatial-Temporal Heterogeneity in Large Three-Dimensional Nanofibrillar Cellulose Hydrogel for Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Culture |
title | Spatial-Temporal Heterogeneity in Large Three-Dimensional Nanofibrillar Cellulose Hydrogel for Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Culture |
title_full | Spatial-Temporal Heterogeneity in Large Three-Dimensional Nanofibrillar Cellulose Hydrogel for Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Culture |
title_fullStr | Spatial-Temporal Heterogeneity in Large Three-Dimensional Nanofibrillar Cellulose Hydrogel for Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Culture |
title_full_unstemmed | Spatial-Temporal Heterogeneity in Large Three-Dimensional Nanofibrillar Cellulose Hydrogel for Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Culture |
title_short | Spatial-Temporal Heterogeneity in Large Three-Dimensional Nanofibrillar Cellulose Hydrogel for Human Pluripotent Stem Cell Culture |
title_sort | spatial-temporal heterogeneity in large three-dimensional nanofibrillar cellulose hydrogel for human pluripotent stem cell culture |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10138276/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37102936 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9040324 |
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