Cargando…
Quantum Circuit Components for Cognitive Decision-Making
This paper demonstrates that some non-classical models of human decision-making can be run successfully as circuits on quantum computers. Since the 1960s, many observed cognitive behaviors have been shown to violate rules based on classical probability and set theory. For example, the order in which...
Autores principales: | , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10138279/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37190336 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25040548 |
_version_ | 1785032669480878080 |
---|---|
author | Widdows, Dominic Rani, Jyoti Pothos, Emmanuel M. |
author_facet | Widdows, Dominic Rani, Jyoti Pothos, Emmanuel M. |
author_sort | Widdows, Dominic |
collection | PubMed |
description | This paper demonstrates that some non-classical models of human decision-making can be run successfully as circuits on quantum computers. Since the 1960s, many observed cognitive behaviors have been shown to violate rules based on classical probability and set theory. For example, the order in which questions are posed in a survey affects whether participants answer ‘yes’ or ‘no’, so the population that answers ‘yes’ to both questions cannot be modeled as the intersection of two fixed sets. It can, however, be modeled as a sequence of projections carried out in different orders. This and other examples have been described successfully using quantum probability, which relies on comparing angles between subspaces rather than volumes between subsets. Now in the early 2020s, quantum computers have reached the point where some of these quantum cognitive models can be implemented and investigated on quantum hardware, by representing the mental states in qubit registers, and the cognitive operations and decisions using different gates and measurements. This paper develops such quantum circuit representations for quantum cognitive models, focusing particularly on modeling order effects and decision-making under uncertainty. The claim is not that the human brain uses qubits and quantum circuits explicitly (just like the use of Boolean set theory does not require the brain to be using classical bits), but that the mathematics shared between quantum cognition and quantum computing motivates the exploration of quantum computers for cognition modeling. Key quantum properties include superposition, entanglement, and collapse, as these mathematical elements provide a common language between cognitive models, quantum hardware, and circuit implementations. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10138279 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101382792023-04-28 Quantum Circuit Components for Cognitive Decision-Making Widdows, Dominic Rani, Jyoti Pothos, Emmanuel M. Entropy (Basel) Article This paper demonstrates that some non-classical models of human decision-making can be run successfully as circuits on quantum computers. Since the 1960s, many observed cognitive behaviors have been shown to violate rules based on classical probability and set theory. For example, the order in which questions are posed in a survey affects whether participants answer ‘yes’ or ‘no’, so the population that answers ‘yes’ to both questions cannot be modeled as the intersection of two fixed sets. It can, however, be modeled as a sequence of projections carried out in different orders. This and other examples have been described successfully using quantum probability, which relies on comparing angles between subspaces rather than volumes between subsets. Now in the early 2020s, quantum computers have reached the point where some of these quantum cognitive models can be implemented and investigated on quantum hardware, by representing the mental states in qubit registers, and the cognitive operations and decisions using different gates and measurements. This paper develops such quantum circuit representations for quantum cognitive models, focusing particularly on modeling order effects and decision-making under uncertainty. The claim is not that the human brain uses qubits and quantum circuits explicitly (just like the use of Boolean set theory does not require the brain to be using classical bits), but that the mathematics shared between quantum cognition and quantum computing motivates the exploration of quantum computers for cognition modeling. Key quantum properties include superposition, entanglement, and collapse, as these mathematical elements provide a common language between cognitive models, quantum hardware, and circuit implementations. MDPI 2023-03-23 /pmc/articles/PMC10138279/ /pubmed/37190336 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25040548 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Widdows, Dominic Rani, Jyoti Pothos, Emmanuel M. Quantum Circuit Components for Cognitive Decision-Making |
title | Quantum Circuit Components for Cognitive Decision-Making |
title_full | Quantum Circuit Components for Cognitive Decision-Making |
title_fullStr | Quantum Circuit Components for Cognitive Decision-Making |
title_full_unstemmed | Quantum Circuit Components for Cognitive Decision-Making |
title_short | Quantum Circuit Components for Cognitive Decision-Making |
title_sort | quantum circuit components for cognitive decision-making |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10138279/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37190336 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25040548 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT widdowsdominic quantumcircuitcomponentsforcognitivedecisionmaking AT ranijyoti quantumcircuitcomponentsforcognitivedecisionmaking AT pothosemmanuelm quantumcircuitcomponentsforcognitivedecisionmaking |