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A Multi-Pollutant and Meteorological Analysis of Cardiorespiratory Mortality among the Elderly in São Paulo, Brazil—An Artificial Neural Networks Approach
Traditionally, studies that associate air pollution with health effects relate individual pollutants to outcomes such as mortality or hospital admissions. However, models capable of analyzing the effects resulting from the atmosphere mixture are demanded. In this study, multilayer perceptron neural...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10138542/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37107740 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20085458 |
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author | Leirião, Luciana de Oliveira, Michelle Martins, Tiago Miraglia, Simone |
author_facet | Leirião, Luciana de Oliveira, Michelle Martins, Tiago Miraglia, Simone |
author_sort | Leirião, Luciana |
collection | PubMed |
description | Traditionally, studies that associate air pollution with health effects relate individual pollutants to outcomes such as mortality or hospital admissions. However, models capable of analyzing the effects resulting from the atmosphere mixture are demanded. In this study, multilayer perceptron neural networks were evaluated to associate PM(10), NO(2), and SO(2) concentrations, temperature, wind speed, and relative air humidity with cardiorespiratory mortality among the elderly in São Paulo, Brazil. Daily data from 2007 to 2019 were considered and different numbers of neurons on the hidden layer, algorithms, and a combination of activation functions were tested. The best-fitted artificial neural network (ANN) resulted in a MAPE equal to 13.46%. When individual season data were analyzed, the MAPE decreased to 11%. The most influential variables in cardiorespiratory mortality among the elderly were PM(10) and NO(2) concentrations. The relative humidity variable is more important during the dry season, and temperature is more important during the rainy season. The models were not subjected to the multicollinearity issue as with classical regression models. The use of ANNs to relate air quality to health outcomes is still very incipient, and this work highlights that it is a powerful tool that should be further explored. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10138542 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101385422023-04-28 A Multi-Pollutant and Meteorological Analysis of Cardiorespiratory Mortality among the Elderly in São Paulo, Brazil—An Artificial Neural Networks Approach Leirião, Luciana de Oliveira, Michelle Martins, Tiago Miraglia, Simone Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Traditionally, studies that associate air pollution with health effects relate individual pollutants to outcomes such as mortality or hospital admissions. However, models capable of analyzing the effects resulting from the atmosphere mixture are demanded. In this study, multilayer perceptron neural networks were evaluated to associate PM(10), NO(2), and SO(2) concentrations, temperature, wind speed, and relative air humidity with cardiorespiratory mortality among the elderly in São Paulo, Brazil. Daily data from 2007 to 2019 were considered and different numbers of neurons on the hidden layer, algorithms, and a combination of activation functions were tested. The best-fitted artificial neural network (ANN) resulted in a MAPE equal to 13.46%. When individual season data were analyzed, the MAPE decreased to 11%. The most influential variables in cardiorespiratory mortality among the elderly were PM(10) and NO(2) concentrations. The relative humidity variable is more important during the dry season, and temperature is more important during the rainy season. The models were not subjected to the multicollinearity issue as with classical regression models. The use of ANNs to relate air quality to health outcomes is still very incipient, and this work highlights that it is a powerful tool that should be further explored. MDPI 2023-04-11 /pmc/articles/PMC10138542/ /pubmed/37107740 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20085458 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Leirião, Luciana de Oliveira, Michelle Martins, Tiago Miraglia, Simone A Multi-Pollutant and Meteorological Analysis of Cardiorespiratory Mortality among the Elderly in São Paulo, Brazil—An Artificial Neural Networks Approach |
title | A Multi-Pollutant and Meteorological Analysis of Cardiorespiratory Mortality among the Elderly in São Paulo, Brazil—An Artificial Neural Networks Approach |
title_full | A Multi-Pollutant and Meteorological Analysis of Cardiorespiratory Mortality among the Elderly in São Paulo, Brazil—An Artificial Neural Networks Approach |
title_fullStr | A Multi-Pollutant and Meteorological Analysis of Cardiorespiratory Mortality among the Elderly in São Paulo, Brazil—An Artificial Neural Networks Approach |
title_full_unstemmed | A Multi-Pollutant and Meteorological Analysis of Cardiorespiratory Mortality among the Elderly in São Paulo, Brazil—An Artificial Neural Networks Approach |
title_short | A Multi-Pollutant and Meteorological Analysis of Cardiorespiratory Mortality among the Elderly in São Paulo, Brazil—An Artificial Neural Networks Approach |
title_sort | multi-pollutant and meteorological analysis of cardiorespiratory mortality among the elderly in são paulo, brazil—an artificial neural networks approach |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10138542/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37107740 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20085458 |
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