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Environmental Monitoring of Legionella in Hospitals in the Campania Region: A 5-Year Study
Legionella is a pathogen that colonizes soils, freshwater, and building water systems. People who are most affected are those with immunodeficiencies, so it is necessary to monitor its presence in hospitals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of Legionella in water samples collec...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10138562/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37107807 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20085526 |
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author | Lombardi, Annalisa Borriello, Tonia De Rosa, Elvira Di Duca, Fabiana Sorrentino, Michele Torre, Ida Montuori, Paolo Trama, Ugo Pennino, Francesca |
author_facet | Lombardi, Annalisa Borriello, Tonia De Rosa, Elvira Di Duca, Fabiana Sorrentino, Michele Torre, Ida Montuori, Paolo Trama, Ugo Pennino, Francesca |
author_sort | Lombardi, Annalisa |
collection | PubMed |
description | Legionella is a pathogen that colonizes soils, freshwater, and building water systems. People who are most affected are those with immunodeficiencies, so it is necessary to monitor its presence in hospitals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of Legionella in water samples collected from hospitals in the Campania region, Southern Italy. A total of 3365 water samples were collected from January 2018 to December 2022 twice a year in hospital wards from taps and showers, tank bottoms, and air-treatment units. Microbiological analysis was conducted in accordance with the UNI EN ISO 11731:2017, and the correlations between the presence of Legionella and water temperature and residual chlorine were investigated. In total, 708 samples (21.0%) tested positive. The most represented species was L. pneumophila 2–14 (70.9%). The serogroups isolated were 1 (27.7%), 6 (24.5%), 8 (23.3%), 3 (18.9%), 5 (3.1%), and 10 (1.1%). Non-pneumophila Legionella spp. represented 1.4% of the total. Regarding temperature, the majority of Legionella positive samples were found in the temperature range of 26.0–40.9 °C. An influence of residual chlorine on the presence of the bacterium was observed, confirming that chlorine disinfection is effective for controlling contamination. The positivity for serogroups other than serogroup 1 suggested the need to continue environmental monitoring of Legionella and to focus on the clinical diagnosis of other serogroups. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10138562 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101385622023-04-28 Environmental Monitoring of Legionella in Hospitals in the Campania Region: A 5-Year Study Lombardi, Annalisa Borriello, Tonia De Rosa, Elvira Di Duca, Fabiana Sorrentino, Michele Torre, Ida Montuori, Paolo Trama, Ugo Pennino, Francesca Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Legionella is a pathogen that colonizes soils, freshwater, and building water systems. People who are most affected are those with immunodeficiencies, so it is necessary to monitor its presence in hospitals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the presence of Legionella in water samples collected from hospitals in the Campania region, Southern Italy. A total of 3365 water samples were collected from January 2018 to December 2022 twice a year in hospital wards from taps and showers, tank bottoms, and air-treatment units. Microbiological analysis was conducted in accordance with the UNI EN ISO 11731:2017, and the correlations between the presence of Legionella and water temperature and residual chlorine were investigated. In total, 708 samples (21.0%) tested positive. The most represented species was L. pneumophila 2–14 (70.9%). The serogroups isolated were 1 (27.7%), 6 (24.5%), 8 (23.3%), 3 (18.9%), 5 (3.1%), and 10 (1.1%). Non-pneumophila Legionella spp. represented 1.4% of the total. Regarding temperature, the majority of Legionella positive samples were found in the temperature range of 26.0–40.9 °C. An influence of residual chlorine on the presence of the bacterium was observed, confirming that chlorine disinfection is effective for controlling contamination. The positivity for serogroups other than serogroup 1 suggested the need to continue environmental monitoring of Legionella and to focus on the clinical diagnosis of other serogroups. MDPI 2023-04-14 /pmc/articles/PMC10138562/ /pubmed/37107807 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20085526 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Lombardi, Annalisa Borriello, Tonia De Rosa, Elvira Di Duca, Fabiana Sorrentino, Michele Torre, Ida Montuori, Paolo Trama, Ugo Pennino, Francesca Environmental Monitoring of Legionella in Hospitals in the Campania Region: A 5-Year Study |
title | Environmental Monitoring of Legionella in Hospitals in the Campania Region: A 5-Year Study |
title_full | Environmental Monitoring of Legionella in Hospitals in the Campania Region: A 5-Year Study |
title_fullStr | Environmental Monitoring of Legionella in Hospitals in the Campania Region: A 5-Year Study |
title_full_unstemmed | Environmental Monitoring of Legionella in Hospitals in the Campania Region: A 5-Year Study |
title_short | Environmental Monitoring of Legionella in Hospitals in the Campania Region: A 5-Year Study |
title_sort | environmental monitoring of legionella in hospitals in the campania region: a 5-year study |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10138562/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37107807 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20085526 |
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