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Effects of the Oral Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor Agonist C21 in Sugen-Hypoxia Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats
Substantial evidence supports the involvement of the renin-angiotensin system in pulmonary hypertension (PH), and the angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT(2)R) is known to exert tissue protective actions. The effect of the selective AT(2)R agonist C21 (also known as Compound 21 or buloxibutid) was eva...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10139154/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37108643 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087478 |
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author | Tornling, Göran Batta, Rohit Salvail, Dan Raud, Johan Denton, Christopher P. |
author_facet | Tornling, Göran Batta, Rohit Salvail, Dan Raud, Johan Denton, Christopher P. |
author_sort | Tornling, Göran |
collection | PubMed |
description | Substantial evidence supports the involvement of the renin-angiotensin system in pulmonary hypertension (PH), and the angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT(2)R) is known to exert tissue protective actions. The effect of the selective AT(2)R agonist C21 (also known as Compound 21 or buloxibutid) was evaluated in the rat Sugen-hypoxia PH model. After a single injection of Sugen 5416 and hypoxia for 21 days, C21 (2 or 20 mg/kg) or vehicle was administered perorally twice daily from Day 21 to Day 55. On Day 56, hemodynamic assessments were performed, and lung and heart tissue were prepared for quantification of cardiac and vascular remodeling and fibrosis. Treatment with C21 20 mg/kg improved cardiac output and stroke volume and decreased right ventricular hypertrophy (all p < 0.05). Treatment with C21 2 mg/kg significantly decreased vessel wall and muscular layer thickness and increased the luminal opening in vessels >100 μm (all p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two C21 doses on any parameter, and post hoc analyses comparing the merged C21 groups with the vehicle group showed that C21 treatment reduced vascular remodeling (reduced endothelial proliferation and thickening of the vascular wall) in vessels of all sizes; moreover, the diastolic pulmonary artery pressure and right ventricular pressure were reduced along with reduction of right ventricular hypertrophy. Sugen 5416 and hypoxia increased pulmonary collagen deposition, which was counteracted by C21 20 mg/kg. In conclusion, the effects of C21 on vascular remodeling, hemodynamic alterations, and fibrosis suggest that AT(2)R agonists may have a role in Group 1 and 3 PH treatment. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10139154 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101391542023-04-28 Effects of the Oral Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor Agonist C21 in Sugen-Hypoxia Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats Tornling, Göran Batta, Rohit Salvail, Dan Raud, Johan Denton, Christopher P. Int J Mol Sci Article Substantial evidence supports the involvement of the renin-angiotensin system in pulmonary hypertension (PH), and the angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT(2)R) is known to exert tissue protective actions. The effect of the selective AT(2)R agonist C21 (also known as Compound 21 or buloxibutid) was evaluated in the rat Sugen-hypoxia PH model. After a single injection of Sugen 5416 and hypoxia for 21 days, C21 (2 or 20 mg/kg) or vehicle was administered perorally twice daily from Day 21 to Day 55. On Day 56, hemodynamic assessments were performed, and lung and heart tissue were prepared for quantification of cardiac and vascular remodeling and fibrosis. Treatment with C21 20 mg/kg improved cardiac output and stroke volume and decreased right ventricular hypertrophy (all p < 0.05). Treatment with C21 2 mg/kg significantly decreased vessel wall and muscular layer thickness and increased the luminal opening in vessels >100 μm (all p < 0.05). There were no significant differences between the two C21 doses on any parameter, and post hoc analyses comparing the merged C21 groups with the vehicle group showed that C21 treatment reduced vascular remodeling (reduced endothelial proliferation and thickening of the vascular wall) in vessels of all sizes; moreover, the diastolic pulmonary artery pressure and right ventricular pressure were reduced along with reduction of right ventricular hypertrophy. Sugen 5416 and hypoxia increased pulmonary collagen deposition, which was counteracted by C21 20 mg/kg. In conclusion, the effects of C21 on vascular remodeling, hemodynamic alterations, and fibrosis suggest that AT(2)R agonists may have a role in Group 1 and 3 PH treatment. MDPI 2023-04-19 /pmc/articles/PMC10139154/ /pubmed/37108643 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087478 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Tornling, Göran Batta, Rohit Salvail, Dan Raud, Johan Denton, Christopher P. Effects of the Oral Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor Agonist C21 in Sugen-Hypoxia Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats |
title | Effects of the Oral Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor Agonist C21 in Sugen-Hypoxia Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats |
title_full | Effects of the Oral Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor Agonist C21 in Sugen-Hypoxia Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats |
title_fullStr | Effects of the Oral Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor Agonist C21 in Sugen-Hypoxia Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats |
title_full_unstemmed | Effects of the Oral Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor Agonist C21 in Sugen-Hypoxia Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats |
title_short | Effects of the Oral Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor Agonist C21 in Sugen-Hypoxia Induced Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats |
title_sort | effects of the oral angiotensin ii type 2 receptor agonist c21 in sugen-hypoxia induced pulmonary hypertension in rats |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10139154/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37108643 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087478 |
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