Cargando…

Breath testing for SARS-CoV-2 infection

BACKGROUND: From a public health perspective, the identification of individuals with mild respiratory symptoms due to SARS-CoV-2 infection is important to contain the spread of the disease. The objective of this study was to identify volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath common to infe...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Myers, Renelle, Ruszkiewicz, Dorota M., Meister, Austin, Bartolomeu, Crista, Atkar-Khattra, Sukhinder, Thomas, C.L. Paul, Lam, Stephen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10140675/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37121096
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104584
_version_ 1785033212899098624
author Myers, Renelle
Ruszkiewicz, Dorota M.
Meister, Austin
Bartolomeu, Crista
Atkar-Khattra, Sukhinder
Thomas, C.L. Paul
Lam, Stephen
author_facet Myers, Renelle
Ruszkiewicz, Dorota M.
Meister, Austin
Bartolomeu, Crista
Atkar-Khattra, Sukhinder
Thomas, C.L. Paul
Lam, Stephen
author_sort Myers, Renelle
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: From a public health perspective, the identification of individuals with mild respiratory symptoms due to SARS-CoV-2 infection is important to contain the spread of the disease. The objective of this study was to identify volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath common to infection with different variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus to inform the development of a point-of-care breath test to detect infected individuals with mild symptoms. METHODS: A prospective, real-world, observational study was conducted on mildly symptomatic out-patients presenting to community test-sites for RT-qPCR SARS-CoV-2 testing when the Alpha, Beta, and Delta variants were driving the COVID-19 pandemic. VOCs in exhaled breath were compared between PCR-positive and negative individuals using TD-GC-ToF-MS. Candidate VOCs were tested in an independent set of samples collected during the Omicron phase of the pandemic. FINDINGS: Fifty breath samples from symptomatic RT-qPCR positive and 58 breath samples from test-negative, but symptomatic participants were compared. Of the 50 RT-qPCR-positive participants, 22 had breath sampling repeated 8–12 weeks later. PCA-X model yielded 12 distinct VOCs that discriminated SARS-CoV-2 active infection compared to recovery/convalescence period, with an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC), of 0.862 (0.747–0.977), sensitivity, and specificity of 82% and 86%, respectively. PCA-X model from 50 RT-qPCR positive and 58 negative symptomatic participants, yielded 11 VOCs, with AUROC of 0.72 (0.604–0.803) and sensitivity of 72%, specificity 65.5%. The 11 VOCs were validated in a separate group of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron positive patients’ vs healthy controls demonstrating an AUROC of 0.96 (95% CI 0.827–0.993) with sensitivity of 80% specificity of 90%. INTERPRETATION: Exhaled breath analysis is a promising non-invasive, point-of-care method to detect mild COVID-19 infection. FUNDING: Funding for this study was a competitive grant awarded from the Vancouver Coastal Research Institute as well as funding from the 10.13039/501100015803BC Cancer Foundation.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10140675
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher Elsevier
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-101406752023-04-28 Breath testing for SARS-CoV-2 infection Myers, Renelle Ruszkiewicz, Dorota M. Meister, Austin Bartolomeu, Crista Atkar-Khattra, Sukhinder Thomas, C.L. Paul Lam, Stephen eBioMedicine Articles BACKGROUND: From a public health perspective, the identification of individuals with mild respiratory symptoms due to SARS-CoV-2 infection is important to contain the spread of the disease. The objective of this study was to identify volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in exhaled breath common to infection with different variants of the SARS-CoV-2 virus to inform the development of a point-of-care breath test to detect infected individuals with mild symptoms. METHODS: A prospective, real-world, observational study was conducted on mildly symptomatic out-patients presenting to community test-sites for RT-qPCR SARS-CoV-2 testing when the Alpha, Beta, and Delta variants were driving the COVID-19 pandemic. VOCs in exhaled breath were compared between PCR-positive and negative individuals using TD-GC-ToF-MS. Candidate VOCs were tested in an independent set of samples collected during the Omicron phase of the pandemic. FINDINGS: Fifty breath samples from symptomatic RT-qPCR positive and 58 breath samples from test-negative, but symptomatic participants were compared. Of the 50 RT-qPCR-positive participants, 22 had breath sampling repeated 8–12 weeks later. PCA-X model yielded 12 distinct VOCs that discriminated SARS-CoV-2 active infection compared to recovery/convalescence period, with an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC), of 0.862 (0.747–0.977), sensitivity, and specificity of 82% and 86%, respectively. PCA-X model from 50 RT-qPCR positive and 58 negative symptomatic participants, yielded 11 VOCs, with AUROC of 0.72 (0.604–0.803) and sensitivity of 72%, specificity 65.5%. The 11 VOCs were validated in a separate group of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron positive patients’ vs healthy controls demonstrating an AUROC of 0.96 (95% CI 0.827–0.993) with sensitivity of 80% specificity of 90%. INTERPRETATION: Exhaled breath analysis is a promising non-invasive, point-of-care method to detect mild COVID-19 infection. FUNDING: Funding for this study was a competitive grant awarded from the Vancouver Coastal Research Institute as well as funding from the 10.13039/501100015803BC Cancer Foundation. Elsevier 2023-04-28 /pmc/articles/PMC10140675/ /pubmed/37121096 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104584 Text en © 2023 The Author(s) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Articles
Myers, Renelle
Ruszkiewicz, Dorota M.
Meister, Austin
Bartolomeu, Crista
Atkar-Khattra, Sukhinder
Thomas, C.L. Paul
Lam, Stephen
Breath testing for SARS-CoV-2 infection
title Breath testing for SARS-CoV-2 infection
title_full Breath testing for SARS-CoV-2 infection
title_fullStr Breath testing for SARS-CoV-2 infection
title_full_unstemmed Breath testing for SARS-CoV-2 infection
title_short Breath testing for SARS-CoV-2 infection
title_sort breath testing for sars-cov-2 infection
topic Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10140675/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37121096
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104584
work_keys_str_mv AT myersrenelle breathtestingforsarscov2infection
AT ruszkiewiczdorotam breathtestingforsarscov2infection
AT meisteraustin breathtestingforsarscov2infection
AT bartolomeucrista breathtestingforsarscov2infection
AT atkarkhattrasukhinder breathtestingforsarscov2infection
AT thomasclpaul breathtestingforsarscov2infection
AT lamstephen breathtestingforsarscov2infection