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Influence of Simulated Microgravity on Mammary Epithelial Cells Grown as 2D and 3D Cultures

During space travel, astronauts will experience a unique environment that includes continuous exposure to microgravity and stressful living conditions. Physiological adaptation to this is a challenge and the effect of microgravity on organ development, architecture, and function is not well understo...

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Autores principales: Winkelmaier, Garrett, Jabbari, Kosar, Chien, Lung-Chang, Grabham, Peter, Parvin, Bahram, Pluth, Janice
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10140931/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37108776
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087615
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author Winkelmaier, Garrett
Jabbari, Kosar
Chien, Lung-Chang
Grabham, Peter
Parvin, Bahram
Pluth, Janice
author_facet Winkelmaier, Garrett
Jabbari, Kosar
Chien, Lung-Chang
Grabham, Peter
Parvin, Bahram
Pluth, Janice
author_sort Winkelmaier, Garrett
collection PubMed
description During space travel, astronauts will experience a unique environment that includes continuous exposure to microgravity and stressful living conditions. Physiological adaptation to this is a challenge and the effect of microgravity on organ development, architecture, and function is not well understood. How microgravity may impact the growth and development of an organ is an important issue, especially as space flight becomes more commonplace. In this work, we sought to address fundamental questions regarding microgravity using mouse mammary epithelial cells in 2D and 3D tissue cultures exposed to simulated microgravity. Mouse mammary HC11 cells contain a higher proportion of stem cells and were also used to investigate how simulated microgravity may impact mammary stem cell populations. In these studies, we exposed mouse mammary epithelial cells to simulated microgravity in 2D and then assayed for changes in cellular characteristics and damage levels. The microgravity treated cells were also cultured in 3D to form acini structures to define if simulated microgravity affects the cells’ ability to organize correctly, a quality that is of key importance for mammary organ development. These studies identify changes occurring during exposure to microgravity that impact cellular characteristics such as cell size, cell cycle profiles, and levels of DNA damage. In addition, changes in the percentage of cells revealing various stem cell profiles were observed following simulated microgravity exposure. In summary, this work suggests microgravity may cause aberrant changes in mammary epithelial cells that lead to an increase in cancer risk.
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spelling pubmed-101409312023-04-29 Influence of Simulated Microgravity on Mammary Epithelial Cells Grown as 2D and 3D Cultures Winkelmaier, Garrett Jabbari, Kosar Chien, Lung-Chang Grabham, Peter Parvin, Bahram Pluth, Janice Int J Mol Sci Article During space travel, astronauts will experience a unique environment that includes continuous exposure to microgravity and stressful living conditions. Physiological adaptation to this is a challenge and the effect of microgravity on organ development, architecture, and function is not well understood. How microgravity may impact the growth and development of an organ is an important issue, especially as space flight becomes more commonplace. In this work, we sought to address fundamental questions regarding microgravity using mouse mammary epithelial cells in 2D and 3D tissue cultures exposed to simulated microgravity. Mouse mammary HC11 cells contain a higher proportion of stem cells and were also used to investigate how simulated microgravity may impact mammary stem cell populations. In these studies, we exposed mouse mammary epithelial cells to simulated microgravity in 2D and then assayed for changes in cellular characteristics and damage levels. The microgravity treated cells were also cultured in 3D to form acini structures to define if simulated microgravity affects the cells’ ability to organize correctly, a quality that is of key importance for mammary organ development. These studies identify changes occurring during exposure to microgravity that impact cellular characteristics such as cell size, cell cycle profiles, and levels of DNA damage. In addition, changes in the percentage of cells revealing various stem cell profiles were observed following simulated microgravity exposure. In summary, this work suggests microgravity may cause aberrant changes in mammary epithelial cells that lead to an increase in cancer risk. MDPI 2023-04-20 /pmc/articles/PMC10140931/ /pubmed/37108776 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087615 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Winkelmaier, Garrett
Jabbari, Kosar
Chien, Lung-Chang
Grabham, Peter
Parvin, Bahram
Pluth, Janice
Influence of Simulated Microgravity on Mammary Epithelial Cells Grown as 2D and 3D Cultures
title Influence of Simulated Microgravity on Mammary Epithelial Cells Grown as 2D and 3D Cultures
title_full Influence of Simulated Microgravity on Mammary Epithelial Cells Grown as 2D and 3D Cultures
title_fullStr Influence of Simulated Microgravity on Mammary Epithelial Cells Grown as 2D and 3D Cultures
title_full_unstemmed Influence of Simulated Microgravity on Mammary Epithelial Cells Grown as 2D and 3D Cultures
title_short Influence of Simulated Microgravity on Mammary Epithelial Cells Grown as 2D and 3D Cultures
title_sort influence of simulated microgravity on mammary epithelial cells grown as 2d and 3d cultures
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10140931/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37108776
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087615
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