The Integration of Field Effect Transistors to Microfluidic Devices

Devices that integrate field effect transistors into microfluidic channels are becoming increasingly promising in the medical, environmental, and food realms, among other applications. The uniqueness of this type of sensor lies in its ability to reduce the background signals existing in the measurements, which interfere in obtaining good limits of detection for the target analyte. This and other advantages intensify the development of selective new sensors and biosensors with coupling configuration. This review work focused on the main advances in the fabrication and application of field effect transistors integrated into microfluidic devices as a way of identifying the potentialities that exist in these systems when used in chemical and biochemical analyses. The emergence of research on integrated sensors is not a recent study, although more recently the progress of these devices is more accentuated. Among the studies that used integrated sensors with electrical and microfluidic parts, those that investigated protein binding interactions seem to be the ones that expanded the most due, among other things, to the possibility of obtaining several physicochemical parameters involved in protein–protein interactions. Studies in this area have a great possibility of advancing innovations in sensors with electrical and microfluidic interfaces in new designs and applications.