Experimental Studies on TiO(2) NT with Metal Dopants through Co-Precipitation, Sol–Gel, Hydrothermal Scheme and Corresponding Computational Molecular Evaluations

In the last decade, TiO(2) nanotubes have attracted the attention of the scientific community and industry due to their exceptional photocatalytic properties, opening a wide range of additional applications in the fields of renewable energy, sensors, supercapacitors, and the pharmaceutical industry. However, their use is limited because their band gap is tied to the visible light spectrum. Therefore, it is essential to dope them with metals to extend their physicochemical advantages. In this review, we provide a brief overview of the preparation of metal-doped TiO(2) nanotubes. We address hydrothermal and alteration methods that have been used to study the effects of different metal dopants on the structural, morphological, and optoelectrical properties of anatase and rutile nanotubes. The progress of DFT studies on the metal doping of TiO(2) nanoparticles is discussed. In addition, the traditional models and their confirmation of the results of the experiment with TiO(2) nanotubes are reviewed, as well as the use of TNT in various applications and the future prospects for its development in other fields. We focus on the comprehensive analysis and practical significance of the development of TiO(2) hybrid materials and the need for a better understanding of the structural–chemical properties of anatase TiO(2) nanotubes with metal doping for ion storage devices such as batteries.