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Understanding the COVID-19 Vaccine Policy Terrain in Ontario Canada: A Policy Analysis of the Actors, Content, Processes, and Context

(1) Background: Canada had a unique approach to COVID-19 vaccine policy making. The objective of this study was to understand the evolution of COVID-19 vaccination policies in Ontario, Canada, using the policy triangle framework. (2) Methods: We searched government websites and social media to ident...

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Autores principales: AlShurman, Bara’ Abdallah, Tetui, Moses, Nanyonjo, Agnes, Butt, Zahid Ahmad, Waite, Nancy M., Vernon-Wilson, Elizabeth, Wong, Ginny, Grindrod, Kelly
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10143674/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37112694
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11040782
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author AlShurman, Bara’ Abdallah
Tetui, Moses
Nanyonjo, Agnes
Butt, Zahid Ahmad
Waite, Nancy M.
Vernon-Wilson, Elizabeth
Wong, Ginny
Grindrod, Kelly
author_facet AlShurman, Bara’ Abdallah
Tetui, Moses
Nanyonjo, Agnes
Butt, Zahid Ahmad
Waite, Nancy M.
Vernon-Wilson, Elizabeth
Wong, Ginny
Grindrod, Kelly
author_sort AlShurman, Bara’ Abdallah
collection PubMed
description (1) Background: Canada had a unique approach to COVID-19 vaccine policy making. The objective of this study was to understand the evolution of COVID-19 vaccination policies in Ontario, Canada, using the policy triangle framework. (2) Methods: We searched government websites and social media to identify COVID-19 vaccination policies in Ontario, Canada, which were posted between 1 October 2020, and 1 December 2021. We used the policy triangle framework to explore the policy actors, content, processes, and context. (3) Results: We reviewed 117 Canadian COVID-19 vaccine policy documents. Our review found that federal actors provided guidance, provincial actors made actionable policy, and community actors adapted policy to local contexts. The policy processes aimed to approve and distribute vaccines while continuously updating policies. The policy content focused on group prioritization and vaccine scarcity issues such as the delayed second dose and the mixed vaccine schedules. Finally, the policies were made in the context of changing vaccine science, global and national vaccine scarcity, and a growing awareness of the inequitable impacts of pandemics on specific communities. (4) Conclusions: We found that the triad of vaccine scarcity, evolving efficacy and safety data, and social inequities all contributed to the creation of vaccine policies that were difficult to efficiently communicate to the public. A lesson learned is that the need for dynamic policies must be balanced with the complexity of effective communication and on-the-ground delivery of care.
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spelling pubmed-101436742023-04-29 Understanding the COVID-19 Vaccine Policy Terrain in Ontario Canada: A Policy Analysis of the Actors, Content, Processes, and Context AlShurman, Bara’ Abdallah Tetui, Moses Nanyonjo, Agnes Butt, Zahid Ahmad Waite, Nancy M. Vernon-Wilson, Elizabeth Wong, Ginny Grindrod, Kelly Vaccines (Basel) Article (1) Background: Canada had a unique approach to COVID-19 vaccine policy making. The objective of this study was to understand the evolution of COVID-19 vaccination policies in Ontario, Canada, using the policy triangle framework. (2) Methods: We searched government websites and social media to identify COVID-19 vaccination policies in Ontario, Canada, which were posted between 1 October 2020, and 1 December 2021. We used the policy triangle framework to explore the policy actors, content, processes, and context. (3) Results: We reviewed 117 Canadian COVID-19 vaccine policy documents. Our review found that federal actors provided guidance, provincial actors made actionable policy, and community actors adapted policy to local contexts. The policy processes aimed to approve and distribute vaccines while continuously updating policies. The policy content focused on group prioritization and vaccine scarcity issues such as the delayed second dose and the mixed vaccine schedules. Finally, the policies were made in the context of changing vaccine science, global and national vaccine scarcity, and a growing awareness of the inequitable impacts of pandemics on specific communities. (4) Conclusions: We found that the triad of vaccine scarcity, evolving efficacy and safety data, and social inequities all contributed to the creation of vaccine policies that were difficult to efficiently communicate to the public. A lesson learned is that the need for dynamic policies must be balanced with the complexity of effective communication and on-the-ground delivery of care. MDPI 2023-03-31 /pmc/articles/PMC10143674/ /pubmed/37112694 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11040782 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
AlShurman, Bara’ Abdallah
Tetui, Moses
Nanyonjo, Agnes
Butt, Zahid Ahmad
Waite, Nancy M.
Vernon-Wilson, Elizabeth
Wong, Ginny
Grindrod, Kelly
Understanding the COVID-19 Vaccine Policy Terrain in Ontario Canada: A Policy Analysis of the Actors, Content, Processes, and Context
title Understanding the COVID-19 Vaccine Policy Terrain in Ontario Canada: A Policy Analysis of the Actors, Content, Processes, and Context
title_full Understanding the COVID-19 Vaccine Policy Terrain in Ontario Canada: A Policy Analysis of the Actors, Content, Processes, and Context
title_fullStr Understanding the COVID-19 Vaccine Policy Terrain in Ontario Canada: A Policy Analysis of the Actors, Content, Processes, and Context
title_full_unstemmed Understanding the COVID-19 Vaccine Policy Terrain in Ontario Canada: A Policy Analysis of the Actors, Content, Processes, and Context
title_short Understanding the COVID-19 Vaccine Policy Terrain in Ontario Canada: A Policy Analysis of the Actors, Content, Processes, and Context
title_sort understanding the covid-19 vaccine policy terrain in ontario canada: a policy analysis of the actors, content, processes, and context
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10143674/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37112694
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11040782
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