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Cytotoxicity of Biodegradable Zinc and Its Alloys: A Systematic Review

Zinc-based biodegradable metals (BMs) have been developed for biomedical implant materials. However, the cytotoxicity of Zn and its alloys has caused controversy. This work aims to investigate whether Zn and its alloys possess cytotoxic effects and the corresponding influence factors. According to t...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Liu, Qian, Li, An, Liu, Shizhen, Fu, Qingyun, Xu, Yichen, Dai, Jingtao, Li, Ping, Xu, Shulan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10144193/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37103296
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb14040206
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author Liu, Qian
Li, An
Liu, Shizhen
Fu, Qingyun
Xu, Yichen
Dai, Jingtao
Li, Ping
Xu, Shulan
author_facet Liu, Qian
Li, An
Liu, Shizhen
Fu, Qingyun
Xu, Yichen
Dai, Jingtao
Li, Ping
Xu, Shulan
author_sort Liu, Qian
collection PubMed
description Zinc-based biodegradable metals (BMs) have been developed for biomedical implant materials. However, the cytotoxicity of Zn and its alloys has caused controversy. This work aims to investigate whether Zn and its alloys possess cytotoxic effects and the corresponding influence factors. According to the guidelines of the PRISMA statement, an electronic combined hand search was conducted to retrieve articles published in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus (2013.1–2023.2) following the PICOS strategy. Eighty-six eligible articles were included. The quality of the included toxicity studies was assessed utilizing the ToxRTool. Among the included articles, extract tests were performed in 83 studies, and direct contact tests were conducted in 18 studies. According to the results of this review, the cytotoxicity of Zn-based BMs is mainly determined by three factors, namely, Zn-based materials, tested cells, and test system. Notably, Zn and its alloys did not exhibit cytotoxic effects under certain test conditions, but significant heterogeneity existed in the implementation of the cytotoxicity evaluation. Furthermore, there is currently a relatively lower quality of current cytotoxicity evaluation in Zn-based BMs owing to the adoption of nonuniform standards. Establishing a standardized in vitro toxicity assessment system for Zn-based BMs is required for future investigations.
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spelling pubmed-101441932023-04-29 Cytotoxicity of Biodegradable Zinc and Its Alloys: A Systematic Review Liu, Qian Li, An Liu, Shizhen Fu, Qingyun Xu, Yichen Dai, Jingtao Li, Ping Xu, Shulan J Funct Biomater Systematic Review Zinc-based biodegradable metals (BMs) have been developed for biomedical implant materials. However, the cytotoxicity of Zn and its alloys has caused controversy. This work aims to investigate whether Zn and its alloys possess cytotoxic effects and the corresponding influence factors. According to the guidelines of the PRISMA statement, an electronic combined hand search was conducted to retrieve articles published in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus (2013.1–2023.2) following the PICOS strategy. Eighty-six eligible articles were included. The quality of the included toxicity studies was assessed utilizing the ToxRTool. Among the included articles, extract tests were performed in 83 studies, and direct contact tests were conducted in 18 studies. According to the results of this review, the cytotoxicity of Zn-based BMs is mainly determined by three factors, namely, Zn-based materials, tested cells, and test system. Notably, Zn and its alloys did not exhibit cytotoxic effects under certain test conditions, but significant heterogeneity existed in the implementation of the cytotoxicity evaluation. Furthermore, there is currently a relatively lower quality of current cytotoxicity evaluation in Zn-based BMs owing to the adoption of nonuniform standards. Establishing a standardized in vitro toxicity assessment system for Zn-based BMs is required for future investigations. MDPI 2023-04-07 /pmc/articles/PMC10144193/ /pubmed/37103296 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb14040206 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Systematic Review
Liu, Qian
Li, An
Liu, Shizhen
Fu, Qingyun
Xu, Yichen
Dai, Jingtao
Li, Ping
Xu, Shulan
Cytotoxicity of Biodegradable Zinc and Its Alloys: A Systematic Review
title Cytotoxicity of Biodegradable Zinc and Its Alloys: A Systematic Review
title_full Cytotoxicity of Biodegradable Zinc and Its Alloys: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr Cytotoxicity of Biodegradable Zinc and Its Alloys: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed Cytotoxicity of Biodegradable Zinc and Its Alloys: A Systematic Review
title_short Cytotoxicity of Biodegradable Zinc and Its Alloys: A Systematic Review
title_sort cytotoxicity of biodegradable zinc and its alloys: a systematic review
topic Systematic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10144193/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37103296
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb14040206
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