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Retromode Imaging in Age-Related Macular Degeneration

Background and Objectives: Retromode is a relatively new retinal-imaging technique that is based on the transillumination principle and is obtained with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope that uses light in the infrared spectrum. The laser light penetrates into the deep retinal layers and the choroid....

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Autores principales: Ranetti, Antonia-Elena, Stanca, Horia Tudor, Tăbăcaru, Bogdana, Teodoru, Adrian, Munteanu, Mihnea, Stanca, Simona
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10144202/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37109604
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59040647
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author Ranetti, Antonia-Elena
Stanca, Horia Tudor
Tăbăcaru, Bogdana
Teodoru, Adrian
Munteanu, Mihnea
Stanca, Simona
author_facet Ranetti, Antonia-Elena
Stanca, Horia Tudor
Tăbăcaru, Bogdana
Teodoru, Adrian
Munteanu, Mihnea
Stanca, Simona
author_sort Ranetti, Antonia-Elena
collection PubMed
description Background and Objectives: Retromode is a relatively new retinal-imaging technique that is based on the transillumination principle and is obtained with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope that uses light in the infrared spectrum. The laser light penetrates into the deep retinal layers and the choroid. Retromode images are captured with a laterally displaced aperture, and the detector captures only the scattered light. The result is a high-contrast pseudo-three-dimensional image. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a disabling retinal disease. AMD is characterized in its early stage by small and intermediate drusen formation, while the signs of intermediate AMD are large drusen and/or pigmentary abnormalities. Late AMD has two forms, geographic atrophy, which is the advanced form of dry AMD, and wet AMD. Most of the lesions of AMD are located in the outer layers of the retina. This new imaging method can provide a glimpse of the deep retinal layers’ topographic changes in a non-invasive, fast, and effective way that can match the other imaging tools available. Materials and Methods: The literature review was performed by searching the PubMed database using the following combination of keywords: retromode imaging and age-related macular degeneration. Relevant images similar to the ones in the literature were identified and used as models. Results: The purpose of this article is to highlight the utility of incorporating retromode imaging into the multimodal evaluation of the retina in patients with AMD and to gather and integrate these findings into a brief but comprehensive paper. Conclusions: Retromode imaging is a good screening, diagnosis, and monitoring tool for patients with AMD.
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spelling pubmed-101442022023-04-29 Retromode Imaging in Age-Related Macular Degeneration Ranetti, Antonia-Elena Stanca, Horia Tudor Tăbăcaru, Bogdana Teodoru, Adrian Munteanu, Mihnea Stanca, Simona Medicina (Kaunas) Review Background and Objectives: Retromode is a relatively new retinal-imaging technique that is based on the transillumination principle and is obtained with a scanning laser ophthalmoscope that uses light in the infrared spectrum. The laser light penetrates into the deep retinal layers and the choroid. Retromode images are captured with a laterally displaced aperture, and the detector captures only the scattered light. The result is a high-contrast pseudo-three-dimensional image. Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a disabling retinal disease. AMD is characterized in its early stage by small and intermediate drusen formation, while the signs of intermediate AMD are large drusen and/or pigmentary abnormalities. Late AMD has two forms, geographic atrophy, which is the advanced form of dry AMD, and wet AMD. Most of the lesions of AMD are located in the outer layers of the retina. This new imaging method can provide a glimpse of the deep retinal layers’ topographic changes in a non-invasive, fast, and effective way that can match the other imaging tools available. Materials and Methods: The literature review was performed by searching the PubMed database using the following combination of keywords: retromode imaging and age-related macular degeneration. Relevant images similar to the ones in the literature were identified and used as models. Results: The purpose of this article is to highlight the utility of incorporating retromode imaging into the multimodal evaluation of the retina in patients with AMD and to gather and integrate these findings into a brief but comprehensive paper. Conclusions: Retromode imaging is a good screening, diagnosis, and monitoring tool for patients with AMD. MDPI 2023-03-24 /pmc/articles/PMC10144202/ /pubmed/37109604 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59040647 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Ranetti, Antonia-Elena
Stanca, Horia Tudor
Tăbăcaru, Bogdana
Teodoru, Adrian
Munteanu, Mihnea
Stanca, Simona
Retromode Imaging in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
title Retromode Imaging in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
title_full Retromode Imaging in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
title_fullStr Retromode Imaging in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
title_full_unstemmed Retromode Imaging in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
title_short Retromode Imaging in Age-Related Macular Degeneration
title_sort retromode imaging in age-related macular degeneration
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10144202/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37109604
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina59040647
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