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The Effect of a Planetary Health Diet on the Human Gut Microbiome: A Descriptive Analysis
In 2019, researchers from the EAT-Lancet Commission developed the ‘Planetary Health (PH) diet’. Specifically, they provided recommendations pertaining to healthy diets derived from sustainable food systems. Thus far, it has not been analysed how such a diet affects the human intestinal microbiome, w...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10144214/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37111144 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15081924 |
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author | Rehner, Jacqueline Schmartz, Georges P. Kramer, Tabea Keller, Verena Keller, Andreas Becker, Sören L. |
author_facet | Rehner, Jacqueline Schmartz, Georges P. Kramer, Tabea Keller, Verena Keller, Andreas Becker, Sören L. |
author_sort | Rehner, Jacqueline |
collection | PubMed |
description | In 2019, researchers from the EAT-Lancet Commission developed the ‘Planetary Health (PH) diet’. Specifically, they provided recommendations pertaining to healthy diets derived from sustainable food systems. Thus far, it has not been analysed how such a diet affects the human intestinal microbiome, which is important for health and disease development. Here, we present longitudinal genome-wide metagenomic sequencing and mass spectrometry data on the gut microbiome of healthy volunteers adhering to the PH diet, as opposed to vegetarian or vegan (VV) and omnivorous (OV) diets. We obtained basic epidemiological information from 41 healthy volunteers and collected stool samples at inclusion and after 2, 4, and 12 weeks. Individuals opting to follow the PH diet received detailed instructions and recipes, whereas individuals in the control groups followed their habitual dietary pattern. Whole-genome DNA was extracted from stool specimens and subjected to shotgun metagenomic sequencing (~3 GB per patient). Conventional bacterial stool cultures were performed in parallel and bacterial species were identified with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. We analysed samples from 16 PH, 16 OV, and 9 VV diet patterns. The α-diversity remained relatively stable for all dietary groups. In the PH group, we observed a constant increase from 3.79% at inclusion to 4.9% after 12 weeks in relative abundance of Bifidobacterium adolescentis. Differential PH abundance analysis highlighted a non-significant increase in possible probiotics such as Paraprevotella xylaniphila and Bacteroides clarus. The highest abundance of these bacteria was observed in the VV group. Dietary modifications are associated with rapid alterations to the human gut microbiome, and the PH diet led to a slight increase in probiotic-associated bacteria at ≥4 weeks. Additional research is required to confirm these findings. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10144214 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101442142023-04-29 The Effect of a Planetary Health Diet on the Human Gut Microbiome: A Descriptive Analysis Rehner, Jacqueline Schmartz, Georges P. Kramer, Tabea Keller, Verena Keller, Andreas Becker, Sören L. Nutrients Article In 2019, researchers from the EAT-Lancet Commission developed the ‘Planetary Health (PH) diet’. Specifically, they provided recommendations pertaining to healthy diets derived from sustainable food systems. Thus far, it has not been analysed how such a diet affects the human intestinal microbiome, which is important for health and disease development. Here, we present longitudinal genome-wide metagenomic sequencing and mass spectrometry data on the gut microbiome of healthy volunteers adhering to the PH diet, as opposed to vegetarian or vegan (VV) and omnivorous (OV) diets. We obtained basic epidemiological information from 41 healthy volunteers and collected stool samples at inclusion and after 2, 4, and 12 weeks. Individuals opting to follow the PH diet received detailed instructions and recipes, whereas individuals in the control groups followed their habitual dietary pattern. Whole-genome DNA was extracted from stool specimens and subjected to shotgun metagenomic sequencing (~3 GB per patient). Conventional bacterial stool cultures were performed in parallel and bacterial species were identified with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. We analysed samples from 16 PH, 16 OV, and 9 VV diet patterns. The α-diversity remained relatively stable for all dietary groups. In the PH group, we observed a constant increase from 3.79% at inclusion to 4.9% after 12 weeks in relative abundance of Bifidobacterium adolescentis. Differential PH abundance analysis highlighted a non-significant increase in possible probiotics such as Paraprevotella xylaniphila and Bacteroides clarus. The highest abundance of these bacteria was observed in the VV group. Dietary modifications are associated with rapid alterations to the human gut microbiome, and the PH diet led to a slight increase in probiotic-associated bacteria at ≥4 weeks. Additional research is required to confirm these findings. MDPI 2023-04-16 /pmc/articles/PMC10144214/ /pubmed/37111144 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15081924 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Rehner, Jacqueline Schmartz, Georges P. Kramer, Tabea Keller, Verena Keller, Andreas Becker, Sören L. The Effect of a Planetary Health Diet on the Human Gut Microbiome: A Descriptive Analysis |
title | The Effect of a Planetary Health Diet on the Human Gut Microbiome: A Descriptive Analysis |
title_full | The Effect of a Planetary Health Diet on the Human Gut Microbiome: A Descriptive Analysis |
title_fullStr | The Effect of a Planetary Health Diet on the Human Gut Microbiome: A Descriptive Analysis |
title_full_unstemmed | The Effect of a Planetary Health Diet on the Human Gut Microbiome: A Descriptive Analysis |
title_short | The Effect of a Planetary Health Diet on the Human Gut Microbiome: A Descriptive Analysis |
title_sort | effect of a planetary health diet on the human gut microbiome: a descriptive analysis |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10144214/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37111144 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15081924 |
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