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Direct Arylation Synthesis of Small Molecular Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells
In recent years, small molecular acceptors (SMAs) have extensively promoted the progress of organic solar cells (OSCs). The facile tuning of chemical structures affords SMAs excellent tunability of their absorption and energy levels, and it gives SMA-based OSCs slight energy loss, enabling OSCs to a...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10144321/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37110749 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28083515 |
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author | Wang, Xiaochen Li, Yuechen Li, Jianfeng Zhang, Yuan Shao, Jinjun Li, Yongfang |
author_facet | Wang, Xiaochen Li, Yuechen Li, Jianfeng Zhang, Yuan Shao, Jinjun Li, Yongfang |
author_sort | Wang, Xiaochen |
collection | PubMed |
description | In recent years, small molecular acceptors (SMAs) have extensively promoted the progress of organic solar cells (OSCs). The facile tuning of chemical structures affords SMAs excellent tunability of their absorption and energy levels, and it gives SMA-based OSCs slight energy loss, enabling OSCs to achieve high power conversion efficiencies (e.g., >18%). However, SMAs always suffer complicated chemical structures requiring multiple-step synthesis and cumbersome purification, which is unfavorable to the large-scale production of SMAs and OSC devices for industrialization. Direct arylation coupling reaction via aromatic C-H bonds activation allows for the synthesis of SMAs under mild conditions, and it simultaneously reduces synthetic steps, synthetic difficulty, and toxic by-products. This review provides an overview of the progress of SMA synthesis through direct arylation and summarizes the typical reaction conditions to highlight the field’s challenges. Significantly, the impacts of direct arylation conditions on reaction activity and reaction yield of the different reactants’ structures are discussed and highlighted. This review gives a comprehensive view of preparing SMAs by direct arylation reactions to cause attention to the facile and low-cost synthesis of photovoltaic materials for OSCs. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10144321 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101443212023-04-29 Direct Arylation Synthesis of Small Molecular Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells Wang, Xiaochen Li, Yuechen Li, Jianfeng Zhang, Yuan Shao, Jinjun Li, Yongfang Molecules Review In recent years, small molecular acceptors (SMAs) have extensively promoted the progress of organic solar cells (OSCs). The facile tuning of chemical structures affords SMAs excellent tunability of their absorption and energy levels, and it gives SMA-based OSCs slight energy loss, enabling OSCs to achieve high power conversion efficiencies (e.g., >18%). However, SMAs always suffer complicated chemical structures requiring multiple-step synthesis and cumbersome purification, which is unfavorable to the large-scale production of SMAs and OSC devices for industrialization. Direct arylation coupling reaction via aromatic C-H bonds activation allows for the synthesis of SMAs under mild conditions, and it simultaneously reduces synthetic steps, synthetic difficulty, and toxic by-products. This review provides an overview of the progress of SMA synthesis through direct arylation and summarizes the typical reaction conditions to highlight the field’s challenges. Significantly, the impacts of direct arylation conditions on reaction activity and reaction yield of the different reactants’ structures are discussed and highlighted. This review gives a comprehensive view of preparing SMAs by direct arylation reactions to cause attention to the facile and low-cost synthesis of photovoltaic materials for OSCs. MDPI 2023-04-16 /pmc/articles/PMC10144321/ /pubmed/37110749 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28083515 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Wang, Xiaochen Li, Yuechen Li, Jianfeng Zhang, Yuan Shao, Jinjun Li, Yongfang Direct Arylation Synthesis of Small Molecular Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells |
title | Direct Arylation Synthesis of Small Molecular Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells |
title_full | Direct Arylation Synthesis of Small Molecular Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells |
title_fullStr | Direct Arylation Synthesis of Small Molecular Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells |
title_full_unstemmed | Direct Arylation Synthesis of Small Molecular Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells |
title_short | Direct Arylation Synthesis of Small Molecular Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells |
title_sort | direct arylation synthesis of small molecular acceptors for organic solar cells |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10144321/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37110749 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28083515 |
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