Cargando…
Chemical Characterization and Quality Assessment of Copaiba Oil-Resin Using GC/MS and SFC/MS
In recent years, the popularity of copaiba oil-resin has increased worldwide due to its medicinal value and wide applications in industry. Despite its popularity, the oil has not been standardized by industry or regulatory agencies. Product adulteration in order to maximize profits has become a prob...
Autores principales: | , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10144763/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37111842 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12081619 |
_version_ | 1785034171661418496 |
---|---|
author | Lee, Joseph Wang, Mei Zhao, Jianping Ali, Zulfiqar Hawwal, Mohammed F. Khan, Ikhlas A. |
author_facet | Lee, Joseph Wang, Mei Zhao, Jianping Ali, Zulfiqar Hawwal, Mohammed F. Khan, Ikhlas A. |
author_sort | Lee, Joseph |
collection | PubMed |
description | In recent years, the popularity of copaiba oil-resin has increased worldwide due to its medicinal value and wide applications in industry. Despite its popularity, the oil has not been standardized by industry or regulatory agencies. Product adulteration in order to maximize profits has become a problem. To address these issues, the current study describes the chemical and chemometric characterization of forty copaiba oil-resin samples by GC/MS. The results demonstrated, with the exception of commercial samples, that all sample groups contained six characteristic compounds (β-caryophyllene, α-copaene, trans-α-bergamotene, α-humulene, γ-muurolene, and β-bisabolene) in varying concentrations. Furthermore, compositional patterns were observed in individual groups which corresponded to sample origin. Within the commercial group, two samples did not contain or contained only one of the characteristic compounds. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed distinct groups which largely corresponded to sample origin. Moreover, commercial samples were detected by PCA as outliers, and formed a group far removed from the other samples. These samples were further subjected to analysis using a SFC/MS method. Product adulteration with soybean oil was clearly detected, with each individual triglyceride in soybean oil being unambiguously identified. By combining these analytical techniques, the overall quality of copaiba oil-resin can be assessed. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10144763 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101447632023-04-29 Chemical Characterization and Quality Assessment of Copaiba Oil-Resin Using GC/MS and SFC/MS Lee, Joseph Wang, Mei Zhao, Jianping Ali, Zulfiqar Hawwal, Mohammed F. Khan, Ikhlas A. Plants (Basel) Article In recent years, the popularity of copaiba oil-resin has increased worldwide due to its medicinal value and wide applications in industry. Despite its popularity, the oil has not been standardized by industry or regulatory agencies. Product adulteration in order to maximize profits has become a problem. To address these issues, the current study describes the chemical and chemometric characterization of forty copaiba oil-resin samples by GC/MS. The results demonstrated, with the exception of commercial samples, that all sample groups contained six characteristic compounds (β-caryophyllene, α-copaene, trans-α-bergamotene, α-humulene, γ-muurolene, and β-bisabolene) in varying concentrations. Furthermore, compositional patterns were observed in individual groups which corresponded to sample origin. Within the commercial group, two samples did not contain or contained only one of the characteristic compounds. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed distinct groups which largely corresponded to sample origin. Moreover, commercial samples were detected by PCA as outliers, and formed a group far removed from the other samples. These samples were further subjected to analysis using a SFC/MS method. Product adulteration with soybean oil was clearly detected, with each individual triglyceride in soybean oil being unambiguously identified. By combining these analytical techniques, the overall quality of copaiba oil-resin can be assessed. MDPI 2023-04-11 /pmc/articles/PMC10144763/ /pubmed/37111842 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12081619 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Lee, Joseph Wang, Mei Zhao, Jianping Ali, Zulfiqar Hawwal, Mohammed F. Khan, Ikhlas A. Chemical Characterization and Quality Assessment of Copaiba Oil-Resin Using GC/MS and SFC/MS |
title | Chemical Characterization and Quality Assessment of Copaiba Oil-Resin Using GC/MS and SFC/MS |
title_full | Chemical Characterization and Quality Assessment of Copaiba Oil-Resin Using GC/MS and SFC/MS |
title_fullStr | Chemical Characterization and Quality Assessment of Copaiba Oil-Resin Using GC/MS and SFC/MS |
title_full_unstemmed | Chemical Characterization and Quality Assessment of Copaiba Oil-Resin Using GC/MS and SFC/MS |
title_short | Chemical Characterization and Quality Assessment of Copaiba Oil-Resin Using GC/MS and SFC/MS |
title_sort | chemical characterization and quality assessment of copaiba oil-resin using gc/ms and sfc/ms |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10144763/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37111842 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12081619 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT leejoseph chemicalcharacterizationandqualityassessmentofcopaibaoilresinusinggcmsandsfcms AT wangmei chemicalcharacterizationandqualityassessmentofcopaibaoilresinusinggcmsandsfcms AT zhaojianping chemicalcharacterizationandqualityassessmentofcopaibaoilresinusinggcmsandsfcms AT alizulfiqar chemicalcharacterizationandqualityassessmentofcopaibaoilresinusinggcmsandsfcms AT hawwalmohammedf chemicalcharacterizationandqualityassessmentofcopaibaoilresinusinggcmsandsfcms AT khanikhlasa chemicalcharacterizationandqualityassessmentofcopaibaoilresinusinggcmsandsfcms |