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Chemical Characterization and Quality Assessment of Copaiba Oil-Resin Using GC/MS and SFC/MS

In recent years, the popularity of copaiba oil-resin has increased worldwide due to its medicinal value and wide applications in industry. Despite its popularity, the oil has not been standardized by industry or regulatory agencies. Product adulteration in order to maximize profits has become a prob...

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Autores principales: Lee, Joseph, Wang, Mei, Zhao, Jianping, Ali, Zulfiqar, Hawwal, Mohammed F., Khan, Ikhlas A.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10144763/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37111842
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12081619
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author Lee, Joseph
Wang, Mei
Zhao, Jianping
Ali, Zulfiqar
Hawwal, Mohammed F.
Khan, Ikhlas A.
author_facet Lee, Joseph
Wang, Mei
Zhao, Jianping
Ali, Zulfiqar
Hawwal, Mohammed F.
Khan, Ikhlas A.
author_sort Lee, Joseph
collection PubMed
description In recent years, the popularity of copaiba oil-resin has increased worldwide due to its medicinal value and wide applications in industry. Despite its popularity, the oil has not been standardized by industry or regulatory agencies. Product adulteration in order to maximize profits has become a problem. To address these issues, the current study describes the chemical and chemometric characterization of forty copaiba oil-resin samples by GC/MS. The results demonstrated, with the exception of commercial samples, that all sample groups contained six characteristic compounds (β-caryophyllene, α-copaene, trans-α-bergamotene, α-humulene, γ-muurolene, and β-bisabolene) in varying concentrations. Furthermore, compositional patterns were observed in individual groups which corresponded to sample origin. Within the commercial group, two samples did not contain or contained only one of the characteristic compounds. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed distinct groups which largely corresponded to sample origin. Moreover, commercial samples were detected by PCA as outliers, and formed a group far removed from the other samples. These samples were further subjected to analysis using a SFC/MS method. Product adulteration with soybean oil was clearly detected, with each individual triglyceride in soybean oil being unambiguously identified. By combining these analytical techniques, the overall quality of copaiba oil-resin can be assessed.
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spelling pubmed-101447632023-04-29 Chemical Characterization and Quality Assessment of Copaiba Oil-Resin Using GC/MS and SFC/MS Lee, Joseph Wang, Mei Zhao, Jianping Ali, Zulfiqar Hawwal, Mohammed F. Khan, Ikhlas A. Plants (Basel) Article In recent years, the popularity of copaiba oil-resin has increased worldwide due to its medicinal value and wide applications in industry. Despite its popularity, the oil has not been standardized by industry or regulatory agencies. Product adulteration in order to maximize profits has become a problem. To address these issues, the current study describes the chemical and chemometric characterization of forty copaiba oil-resin samples by GC/MS. The results demonstrated, with the exception of commercial samples, that all sample groups contained six characteristic compounds (β-caryophyllene, α-copaene, trans-α-bergamotene, α-humulene, γ-muurolene, and β-bisabolene) in varying concentrations. Furthermore, compositional patterns were observed in individual groups which corresponded to sample origin. Within the commercial group, two samples did not contain or contained only one of the characteristic compounds. Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed distinct groups which largely corresponded to sample origin. Moreover, commercial samples were detected by PCA as outliers, and formed a group far removed from the other samples. These samples were further subjected to analysis using a SFC/MS method. Product adulteration with soybean oil was clearly detected, with each individual triglyceride in soybean oil being unambiguously identified. By combining these analytical techniques, the overall quality of copaiba oil-resin can be assessed. MDPI 2023-04-11 /pmc/articles/PMC10144763/ /pubmed/37111842 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12081619 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Lee, Joseph
Wang, Mei
Zhao, Jianping
Ali, Zulfiqar
Hawwal, Mohammed F.
Khan, Ikhlas A.
Chemical Characterization and Quality Assessment of Copaiba Oil-Resin Using GC/MS and SFC/MS
title Chemical Characterization and Quality Assessment of Copaiba Oil-Resin Using GC/MS and SFC/MS
title_full Chemical Characterization and Quality Assessment of Copaiba Oil-Resin Using GC/MS and SFC/MS
title_fullStr Chemical Characterization and Quality Assessment of Copaiba Oil-Resin Using GC/MS and SFC/MS
title_full_unstemmed Chemical Characterization and Quality Assessment of Copaiba Oil-Resin Using GC/MS and SFC/MS
title_short Chemical Characterization and Quality Assessment of Copaiba Oil-Resin Using GC/MS and SFC/MS
title_sort chemical characterization and quality assessment of copaiba oil-resin using gc/ms and sfc/ms
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10144763/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37111842
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12081619
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