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The Dissemination of Metarhizium brunneum Conidia by Females of the Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, Suggests a New Mechanism for Prevention Practices

Direct contact between the conidia of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) and their host is a prerequisite to successful infection; the host can, therefore, be infected by both direct treatment and by transmission of fungal inoculum from infested surfaces. This unique characteristic makes EPF especially re...

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Autores principales: Matveev, Sabina, Reingold, Victoria, Yossef, Eden, Levy, Noa, Kottakota, Chandrasekhar, Mechrez, Guy, Protasov, Alex, Belausov, Eduard, Birnbaum, Nitsan, Davidovitz, Michael, Ment, Dana
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10145998/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37108912
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof9040458
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author Matveev, Sabina
Reingold, Victoria
Yossef, Eden
Levy, Noa
Kottakota, Chandrasekhar
Mechrez, Guy
Protasov, Alex
Belausov, Eduard
Birnbaum, Nitsan
Davidovitz, Michael
Ment, Dana
author_facet Matveev, Sabina
Reingold, Victoria
Yossef, Eden
Levy, Noa
Kottakota, Chandrasekhar
Mechrez, Guy
Protasov, Alex
Belausov, Eduard
Birnbaum, Nitsan
Davidovitz, Michael
Ment, Dana
author_sort Matveev, Sabina
collection PubMed
description Direct contact between the conidia of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) and their host is a prerequisite to successful infection; the host can, therefore, be infected by both direct treatment and by transmission of fungal inoculum from infested surfaces. This unique characteristic makes EPF especially relevant for the control of cryptic insects. In the case of the red palm weevil (RPW) Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, the eggs and larvae are almost inaccessible to direct-contact treatment. The objective of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of conidia transmission from a treated surface to host eggs and larvae. Foam pieces infested with Metarhizium brunneum conidial powder, conidial suspension, or distilled water were used as a laying surface for RPW females. The number of eggs laid was not affected by the EPF treatments and ranged from 2 to 14 eggs per female. However, hatching rate and larval survival were significantly reduced in the conidial powder treatment, resulted in 1.5% hatching and no live larvae. In the conidial suspension treatment, 21% of laid eggs hatched, compared to 72% in the control treatment. In both M. brunneum treatments, females’ proboscis, front legs and ovipositor were covered with conidia. The females transferred conidia in both treatments to the laying holes, reaching up to 15 mm in depth. This resulted in reduced egg-hatching rate and significant larval mortality due to fungal infection. The stronger effect on egg and larval survival using dry conidia seemed to result from better conidial adhesion to the female weevil in this formulation. In future studies, this dissemination mechanism will be examined as a prevention strategy in date plantations.
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spelling pubmed-101459982023-04-29 The Dissemination of Metarhizium brunneum Conidia by Females of the Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, Suggests a New Mechanism for Prevention Practices Matveev, Sabina Reingold, Victoria Yossef, Eden Levy, Noa Kottakota, Chandrasekhar Mechrez, Guy Protasov, Alex Belausov, Eduard Birnbaum, Nitsan Davidovitz, Michael Ment, Dana J Fungi (Basel) Article Direct contact between the conidia of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) and their host is a prerequisite to successful infection; the host can, therefore, be infected by both direct treatment and by transmission of fungal inoculum from infested surfaces. This unique characteristic makes EPF especially relevant for the control of cryptic insects. In the case of the red palm weevil (RPW) Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, the eggs and larvae are almost inaccessible to direct-contact treatment. The objective of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of conidia transmission from a treated surface to host eggs and larvae. Foam pieces infested with Metarhizium brunneum conidial powder, conidial suspension, or distilled water were used as a laying surface for RPW females. The number of eggs laid was not affected by the EPF treatments and ranged from 2 to 14 eggs per female. However, hatching rate and larval survival were significantly reduced in the conidial powder treatment, resulted in 1.5% hatching and no live larvae. In the conidial suspension treatment, 21% of laid eggs hatched, compared to 72% in the control treatment. In both M. brunneum treatments, females’ proboscis, front legs and ovipositor were covered with conidia. The females transferred conidia in both treatments to the laying holes, reaching up to 15 mm in depth. This resulted in reduced egg-hatching rate and significant larval mortality due to fungal infection. The stronger effect on egg and larval survival using dry conidia seemed to result from better conidial adhesion to the female weevil in this formulation. In future studies, this dissemination mechanism will be examined as a prevention strategy in date plantations. MDPI 2023-04-09 /pmc/articles/PMC10145998/ /pubmed/37108912 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof9040458 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Matveev, Sabina
Reingold, Victoria
Yossef, Eden
Levy, Noa
Kottakota, Chandrasekhar
Mechrez, Guy
Protasov, Alex
Belausov, Eduard
Birnbaum, Nitsan
Davidovitz, Michael
Ment, Dana
The Dissemination of Metarhizium brunneum Conidia by Females of the Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, Suggests a New Mechanism for Prevention Practices
title The Dissemination of Metarhizium brunneum Conidia by Females of the Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, Suggests a New Mechanism for Prevention Practices
title_full The Dissemination of Metarhizium brunneum Conidia by Females of the Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, Suggests a New Mechanism for Prevention Practices
title_fullStr The Dissemination of Metarhizium brunneum Conidia by Females of the Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, Suggests a New Mechanism for Prevention Practices
title_full_unstemmed The Dissemination of Metarhizium brunneum Conidia by Females of the Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, Suggests a New Mechanism for Prevention Practices
title_short The Dissemination of Metarhizium brunneum Conidia by Females of the Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, Suggests a New Mechanism for Prevention Practices
title_sort dissemination of metarhizium brunneum conidia by females of the red palm weevil, rhynchophorus ferrugineus, suggests a new mechanism for prevention practices
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10145998/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37108912
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof9040458
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