Cargando…
The Dissemination of Metarhizium brunneum Conidia by Females of the Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, Suggests a New Mechanism for Prevention Practices
Direct contact between the conidia of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) and their host is a prerequisite to successful infection; the host can, therefore, be infected by both direct treatment and by transmission of fungal inoculum from infested surfaces. This unique characteristic makes EPF especially re...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10145998/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37108912 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof9040458 |
_version_ | 1785034472810348544 |
---|---|
author | Matveev, Sabina Reingold, Victoria Yossef, Eden Levy, Noa Kottakota, Chandrasekhar Mechrez, Guy Protasov, Alex Belausov, Eduard Birnbaum, Nitsan Davidovitz, Michael Ment, Dana |
author_facet | Matveev, Sabina Reingold, Victoria Yossef, Eden Levy, Noa Kottakota, Chandrasekhar Mechrez, Guy Protasov, Alex Belausov, Eduard Birnbaum, Nitsan Davidovitz, Michael Ment, Dana |
author_sort | Matveev, Sabina |
collection | PubMed |
description | Direct contact between the conidia of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) and their host is a prerequisite to successful infection; the host can, therefore, be infected by both direct treatment and by transmission of fungal inoculum from infested surfaces. This unique characteristic makes EPF especially relevant for the control of cryptic insects. In the case of the red palm weevil (RPW) Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, the eggs and larvae are almost inaccessible to direct-contact treatment. The objective of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of conidia transmission from a treated surface to host eggs and larvae. Foam pieces infested with Metarhizium brunneum conidial powder, conidial suspension, or distilled water were used as a laying surface for RPW females. The number of eggs laid was not affected by the EPF treatments and ranged from 2 to 14 eggs per female. However, hatching rate and larval survival were significantly reduced in the conidial powder treatment, resulted in 1.5% hatching and no live larvae. In the conidial suspension treatment, 21% of laid eggs hatched, compared to 72% in the control treatment. In both M. brunneum treatments, females’ proboscis, front legs and ovipositor were covered with conidia. The females transferred conidia in both treatments to the laying holes, reaching up to 15 mm in depth. This resulted in reduced egg-hatching rate and significant larval mortality due to fungal infection. The stronger effect on egg and larval survival using dry conidia seemed to result from better conidial adhesion to the female weevil in this formulation. In future studies, this dissemination mechanism will be examined as a prevention strategy in date plantations. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10145998 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101459982023-04-29 The Dissemination of Metarhizium brunneum Conidia by Females of the Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, Suggests a New Mechanism for Prevention Practices Matveev, Sabina Reingold, Victoria Yossef, Eden Levy, Noa Kottakota, Chandrasekhar Mechrez, Guy Protasov, Alex Belausov, Eduard Birnbaum, Nitsan Davidovitz, Michael Ment, Dana J Fungi (Basel) Article Direct contact between the conidia of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) and their host is a prerequisite to successful infection; the host can, therefore, be infected by both direct treatment and by transmission of fungal inoculum from infested surfaces. This unique characteristic makes EPF especially relevant for the control of cryptic insects. In the case of the red palm weevil (RPW) Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, the eggs and larvae are almost inaccessible to direct-contact treatment. The objective of the present study was to investigate the mechanism of conidia transmission from a treated surface to host eggs and larvae. Foam pieces infested with Metarhizium brunneum conidial powder, conidial suspension, or distilled water were used as a laying surface for RPW females. The number of eggs laid was not affected by the EPF treatments and ranged from 2 to 14 eggs per female. However, hatching rate and larval survival were significantly reduced in the conidial powder treatment, resulted in 1.5% hatching and no live larvae. In the conidial suspension treatment, 21% of laid eggs hatched, compared to 72% in the control treatment. In both M. brunneum treatments, females’ proboscis, front legs and ovipositor were covered with conidia. The females transferred conidia in both treatments to the laying holes, reaching up to 15 mm in depth. This resulted in reduced egg-hatching rate and significant larval mortality due to fungal infection. The stronger effect on egg and larval survival using dry conidia seemed to result from better conidial adhesion to the female weevil in this formulation. In future studies, this dissemination mechanism will be examined as a prevention strategy in date plantations. MDPI 2023-04-09 /pmc/articles/PMC10145998/ /pubmed/37108912 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof9040458 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Matveev, Sabina Reingold, Victoria Yossef, Eden Levy, Noa Kottakota, Chandrasekhar Mechrez, Guy Protasov, Alex Belausov, Eduard Birnbaum, Nitsan Davidovitz, Michael Ment, Dana The Dissemination of Metarhizium brunneum Conidia by Females of the Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, Suggests a New Mechanism for Prevention Practices |
title | The Dissemination of Metarhizium brunneum Conidia by Females of the Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, Suggests a New Mechanism for Prevention Practices |
title_full | The Dissemination of Metarhizium brunneum Conidia by Females of the Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, Suggests a New Mechanism for Prevention Practices |
title_fullStr | The Dissemination of Metarhizium brunneum Conidia by Females of the Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, Suggests a New Mechanism for Prevention Practices |
title_full_unstemmed | The Dissemination of Metarhizium brunneum Conidia by Females of the Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, Suggests a New Mechanism for Prevention Practices |
title_short | The Dissemination of Metarhizium brunneum Conidia by Females of the Red Palm Weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus, Suggests a New Mechanism for Prevention Practices |
title_sort | dissemination of metarhizium brunneum conidia by females of the red palm weevil, rhynchophorus ferrugineus, suggests a new mechanism for prevention practices |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10145998/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37108912 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof9040458 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT matveevsabina thedisseminationofmetarhiziumbrunneumconidiabyfemalesoftheredpalmweevilrhynchophorusferrugineussuggestsanewmechanismforpreventionpractices AT reingoldvictoria thedisseminationofmetarhiziumbrunneumconidiabyfemalesoftheredpalmweevilrhynchophorusferrugineussuggestsanewmechanismforpreventionpractices AT yossefeden thedisseminationofmetarhiziumbrunneumconidiabyfemalesoftheredpalmweevilrhynchophorusferrugineussuggestsanewmechanismforpreventionpractices AT levynoa thedisseminationofmetarhiziumbrunneumconidiabyfemalesoftheredpalmweevilrhynchophorusferrugineussuggestsanewmechanismforpreventionpractices AT kottakotachandrasekhar thedisseminationofmetarhiziumbrunneumconidiabyfemalesoftheredpalmweevilrhynchophorusferrugineussuggestsanewmechanismforpreventionpractices AT mechrezguy thedisseminationofmetarhiziumbrunneumconidiabyfemalesoftheredpalmweevilrhynchophorusferrugineussuggestsanewmechanismforpreventionpractices AT protasovalex thedisseminationofmetarhiziumbrunneumconidiabyfemalesoftheredpalmweevilrhynchophorusferrugineussuggestsanewmechanismforpreventionpractices AT belausoveduard thedisseminationofmetarhiziumbrunneumconidiabyfemalesoftheredpalmweevilrhynchophorusferrugineussuggestsanewmechanismforpreventionpractices AT birnbaumnitsan thedisseminationofmetarhiziumbrunneumconidiabyfemalesoftheredpalmweevilrhynchophorusferrugineussuggestsanewmechanismforpreventionpractices AT davidovitzmichael thedisseminationofmetarhiziumbrunneumconidiabyfemalesoftheredpalmweevilrhynchophorusferrugineussuggestsanewmechanismforpreventionpractices AT mentdana thedisseminationofmetarhiziumbrunneumconidiabyfemalesoftheredpalmweevilrhynchophorusferrugineussuggestsanewmechanismforpreventionpractices AT matveevsabina disseminationofmetarhiziumbrunneumconidiabyfemalesoftheredpalmweevilrhynchophorusferrugineussuggestsanewmechanismforpreventionpractices AT reingoldvictoria disseminationofmetarhiziumbrunneumconidiabyfemalesoftheredpalmweevilrhynchophorusferrugineussuggestsanewmechanismforpreventionpractices AT yossefeden disseminationofmetarhiziumbrunneumconidiabyfemalesoftheredpalmweevilrhynchophorusferrugineussuggestsanewmechanismforpreventionpractices AT levynoa disseminationofmetarhiziumbrunneumconidiabyfemalesoftheredpalmweevilrhynchophorusferrugineussuggestsanewmechanismforpreventionpractices AT kottakotachandrasekhar disseminationofmetarhiziumbrunneumconidiabyfemalesoftheredpalmweevilrhynchophorusferrugineussuggestsanewmechanismforpreventionpractices AT mechrezguy disseminationofmetarhiziumbrunneumconidiabyfemalesoftheredpalmweevilrhynchophorusferrugineussuggestsanewmechanismforpreventionpractices AT protasovalex disseminationofmetarhiziumbrunneumconidiabyfemalesoftheredpalmweevilrhynchophorusferrugineussuggestsanewmechanismforpreventionpractices AT belausoveduard disseminationofmetarhiziumbrunneumconidiabyfemalesoftheredpalmweevilrhynchophorusferrugineussuggestsanewmechanismforpreventionpractices AT birnbaumnitsan disseminationofmetarhiziumbrunneumconidiabyfemalesoftheredpalmweevilrhynchophorusferrugineussuggestsanewmechanismforpreventionpractices AT davidovitzmichael disseminationofmetarhiziumbrunneumconidiabyfemalesoftheredpalmweevilrhynchophorusferrugineussuggestsanewmechanismforpreventionpractices AT mentdana disseminationofmetarhiziumbrunneumconidiabyfemalesoftheredpalmweevilrhynchophorusferrugineussuggestsanewmechanismforpreventionpractices |