Possibilities of Physical-Chemical Sensors’ Use for Optimizing the Processing of Metallurgical Melting Based on Computer Systems

This article presents aspects regarding the possibilities of optimizing the quality of the elaboration of metallurgical melts by determining their physical-chemical properties. Thus, the article analyzes and presents methods for determining the viscosity and electrical conductivity related to metallurgical melts. Among the viscosity determination methods, two methods are presented, namely: the rotary viscometer method and the electro-vibratory viscometer method. Determining the electrical conductivity of a metallurgical melt is also of particular importance for ensuring the quality of the elaboration and refining of the melt. The article also presents the possibilities of using and implementing computer systems that ensure the accuracy of determining the physical-chemical properties of metallurgical melts, as well as examples of the use of physical-chemical sensors and specific computer systems for determining the analyzed parameters. The specific electrical conductivity measurements of oxide melts are performed by direct methods (by contact), with Ohm’s law as a starting point. Thus, the article presents the voltmeter-ammeter method and the point method (or the zero method). The novelty of this article is the description and the use of specific methods and sensors for certain determinations (viscosity and electrical conductivity) for metallurgical melts. The motivation here is the presentation of the authors’ research in the addressed field. The article presents an original contribution of the adaptation and use of some methods for determining some physico-chemical parameters, including specific sensors, in the field of the elaboration of metal alloys, with the aim of optimizing their quality.