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Laser-Treated Steel Surfaces Gliding on Snow at Different Temperatures

With the goal of substituting a hard metallic material for the soft Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) presently used to make the bases of skis for alpine skiing, we used two non-thermodynamic equilibrium surface treatments with ultra-short (7–8 ps) laser pulses to modify the surface...

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Autores principales: Maggiore, Ettore, Corsaro, Carmelo, Fazio, Enza, Mirza, Inam, Ripamonti, Francesco, Tommasini, Matteo, Ossi, Paolo M.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10146630/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37109937
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16083100
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author Maggiore, Ettore
Corsaro, Carmelo
Fazio, Enza
Mirza, Inam
Ripamonti, Francesco
Tommasini, Matteo
Ossi, Paolo M.
author_facet Maggiore, Ettore
Corsaro, Carmelo
Fazio, Enza
Mirza, Inam
Ripamonti, Francesco
Tommasini, Matteo
Ossi, Paolo M.
author_sort Maggiore, Ettore
collection PubMed
description With the goal of substituting a hard metallic material for the soft Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) presently used to make the bases of skis for alpine skiing, we used two non-thermodynamic equilibrium surface treatments with ultra-short (7–8 ps) laser pulses to modify the surface of square plates (50 × 50 mm(2)) made of austenitic stainless steel AISI 301H. By irradiating with linearly polarized pulses, we obtained Laser Induced Periodic Surface Structures (LIPSS). By laser machining, we produced a laser engraving on the surface. Both treatments produce a surface pattern parallel to one side of the sample. For both treatments, we measured with a dedicated snow tribometer the friction coefficient µ on compacted snow at different temperatures (−10 °C; −5 °C; −3 °C) for a gliding speed range between 1 and 6.1 ms(−1). We compared the obtained µ values with those of untreated AISI 301H plates and of stone grinded, waxed UHMWPE plates. At the highest temperature (−3 °C), near the snow melting point, untreated AISI 301H shows the largest µ value (0.09), much higher than that of UHMWPE (0.04). Laser treatments on AISI 301H gave lower µ values approaching UHMWPE. We studied how the surface pattern disposition, with respect to the gliding direction of the sample on snow, affects the µ trend. For LIPSS with pattern, orientation perpendicular to the gliding direction on snow µ (0.05) is comparable with that of UHMWPE. We performed field tests on snow at high temperature (from −0.5 to 0 °C) using full-size skis equipped with bases made of the same materials used for the laboratory tests. We observed a moderate difference in performance between the untreated and the LIPSS treated bases; both performed worse than UHMWPE. Waxing improved the performance of all bases, especially LIPSS treated.
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spelling pubmed-101466302023-04-29 Laser-Treated Steel Surfaces Gliding on Snow at Different Temperatures Maggiore, Ettore Corsaro, Carmelo Fazio, Enza Mirza, Inam Ripamonti, Francesco Tommasini, Matteo Ossi, Paolo M. Materials (Basel) Article With the goal of substituting a hard metallic material for the soft Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) presently used to make the bases of skis for alpine skiing, we used two non-thermodynamic equilibrium surface treatments with ultra-short (7–8 ps) laser pulses to modify the surface of square plates (50 × 50 mm(2)) made of austenitic stainless steel AISI 301H. By irradiating with linearly polarized pulses, we obtained Laser Induced Periodic Surface Structures (LIPSS). By laser machining, we produced a laser engraving on the surface. Both treatments produce a surface pattern parallel to one side of the sample. For both treatments, we measured with a dedicated snow tribometer the friction coefficient µ on compacted snow at different temperatures (−10 °C; −5 °C; −3 °C) for a gliding speed range between 1 and 6.1 ms(−1). We compared the obtained µ values with those of untreated AISI 301H plates and of stone grinded, waxed UHMWPE plates. At the highest temperature (−3 °C), near the snow melting point, untreated AISI 301H shows the largest µ value (0.09), much higher than that of UHMWPE (0.04). Laser treatments on AISI 301H gave lower µ values approaching UHMWPE. We studied how the surface pattern disposition, with respect to the gliding direction of the sample on snow, affects the µ trend. For LIPSS with pattern, orientation perpendicular to the gliding direction on snow µ (0.05) is comparable with that of UHMWPE. We performed field tests on snow at high temperature (from −0.5 to 0 °C) using full-size skis equipped with bases made of the same materials used for the laboratory tests. We observed a moderate difference in performance between the untreated and the LIPSS treated bases; both performed worse than UHMWPE. Waxing improved the performance of all bases, especially LIPSS treated. MDPI 2023-04-14 /pmc/articles/PMC10146630/ /pubmed/37109937 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16083100 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Maggiore, Ettore
Corsaro, Carmelo
Fazio, Enza
Mirza, Inam
Ripamonti, Francesco
Tommasini, Matteo
Ossi, Paolo M.
Laser-Treated Steel Surfaces Gliding on Snow at Different Temperatures
title Laser-Treated Steel Surfaces Gliding on Snow at Different Temperatures
title_full Laser-Treated Steel Surfaces Gliding on Snow at Different Temperatures
title_fullStr Laser-Treated Steel Surfaces Gliding on Snow at Different Temperatures
title_full_unstemmed Laser-Treated Steel Surfaces Gliding on Snow at Different Temperatures
title_short Laser-Treated Steel Surfaces Gliding on Snow at Different Temperatures
title_sort laser-treated steel surfaces gliding on snow at different temperatures
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10146630/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37109937
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16083100
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