Cargando…

Will future maize improvement programs leverage the canopy light-interception, photosynthetic, and biomass capacities of traditional accessions?

Maize germplasm has greater latent potential to address the global food and feed crisis because of its high radiation, water and nutrient efficiencies. Photosynthetic and canopy architectural traits in maize are important in determining yield. The present study aimed to screen a subset of local maiz...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Mubarak, Ahamadeen Nagoor Mohamed, Mufeeth Mohammathu, Mohammathu Musthapha, Kumara, Arachchi Devayalage Nishantha Thissa
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: PeerJ Inc. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10149054/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37131994
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15233
_version_ 1785035091587629056
author Mubarak, Ahamadeen Nagoor Mohamed
Mufeeth Mohammathu, Mohammathu Musthapha
Kumara, Arachchi Devayalage Nishantha Thissa
author_facet Mubarak, Ahamadeen Nagoor Mohamed
Mufeeth Mohammathu, Mohammathu Musthapha
Kumara, Arachchi Devayalage Nishantha Thissa
author_sort Mubarak, Ahamadeen Nagoor Mohamed
collection PubMed
description Maize germplasm has greater latent potential to address the global food and feed crisis because of its high radiation, water and nutrient efficiencies. Photosynthetic and canopy architectural traits in maize are important in determining yield. The present study aimed to screen a subset of local maize accessions in Sri Lanka to evaluate their photosynthetic, biomass and yield related traits and to identify resource efficient germplasm. Experiments were carried out in the Ampara district of Sri Lanka. Eight maize accessions viz; SEU2, SEU6, SEU9, SEU10, SEU14, SEU15, SEU17 and SEU17 and two elite F(1) cultivars (cv. Pacific-999 and cv. Bhadra) were analyzed under field conditions. Our results showed that maize genotypes produced a lower leaf area index (LAI) at the third and tenth week after field planting (WAP). However, the LAI was significantly increased in six WAP by Pacific-999, SEU2, SEU9, and SEU15. A similar trend was observed for percentage of light interception at three WAP (47%), six WAP (>64%), and decreased at 10 WAP. In addition, LAI maximum values were between 3.0 and 3.5, allowing 80% of the incident light to be intercepted by maize canopies. The estimated light extinction coefficient (k) remained lower (<0.5), suggesting that maize leaves are eractophilic canopies. Although fractional interception (f) varies, SEU2 and SEU9 had the highest values (0.57), and quantum yields of PSII (>0.73) in dark-adapted leaves. In addition, Pacific-999, SEU2, SEU9, and SEU17 had significantly higher rates of photosynthesis with minimal stomatal conductance and transpiration rates. As a result, they outperformed the control plants in terms of biomass, cob weight and grain yield. This suggests that native maize germplasm could be introduced as novel, less resource-intensive cultivars to sustain global food security.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-10149054
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2023
publisher PeerJ Inc.
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-101490542023-05-01 Will future maize improvement programs leverage the canopy light-interception, photosynthetic, and biomass capacities of traditional accessions? Mubarak, Ahamadeen Nagoor Mohamed Mufeeth Mohammathu, Mohammathu Musthapha Kumara, Arachchi Devayalage Nishantha Thissa PeerJ Agricultural Science Maize germplasm has greater latent potential to address the global food and feed crisis because of its high radiation, water and nutrient efficiencies. Photosynthetic and canopy architectural traits in maize are important in determining yield. The present study aimed to screen a subset of local maize accessions in Sri Lanka to evaluate their photosynthetic, biomass and yield related traits and to identify resource efficient germplasm. Experiments were carried out in the Ampara district of Sri Lanka. Eight maize accessions viz; SEU2, SEU6, SEU9, SEU10, SEU14, SEU15, SEU17 and SEU17 and two elite F(1) cultivars (cv. Pacific-999 and cv. Bhadra) were analyzed under field conditions. Our results showed that maize genotypes produced a lower leaf area index (LAI) at the third and tenth week after field planting (WAP). However, the LAI was significantly increased in six WAP by Pacific-999, SEU2, SEU9, and SEU15. A similar trend was observed for percentage of light interception at three WAP (47%), six WAP (>64%), and decreased at 10 WAP. In addition, LAI maximum values were between 3.0 and 3.5, allowing 80% of the incident light to be intercepted by maize canopies. The estimated light extinction coefficient (k) remained lower (<0.5), suggesting that maize leaves are eractophilic canopies. Although fractional interception (f) varies, SEU2 and SEU9 had the highest values (0.57), and quantum yields of PSII (>0.73) in dark-adapted leaves. In addition, Pacific-999, SEU2, SEU9, and SEU17 had significantly higher rates of photosynthesis with minimal stomatal conductance and transpiration rates. As a result, they outperformed the control plants in terms of biomass, cob weight and grain yield. This suggests that native maize germplasm could be introduced as novel, less resource-intensive cultivars to sustain global food security. PeerJ Inc. 2023-04-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10149054/ /pubmed/37131994 http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15233 Text en © 2023 Mubarak et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, reproduction and adaptation in any medium and for any purpose provided that it is properly attributed. For attribution, the original author(s), title, publication source (PeerJ) and either DOI or URL of the article must be cited.
spellingShingle Agricultural Science
Mubarak, Ahamadeen Nagoor Mohamed
Mufeeth Mohammathu, Mohammathu Musthapha
Kumara, Arachchi Devayalage Nishantha Thissa
Will future maize improvement programs leverage the canopy light-interception, photosynthetic, and biomass capacities of traditional accessions?
title Will future maize improvement programs leverage the canopy light-interception, photosynthetic, and biomass capacities of traditional accessions?
title_full Will future maize improvement programs leverage the canopy light-interception, photosynthetic, and biomass capacities of traditional accessions?
title_fullStr Will future maize improvement programs leverage the canopy light-interception, photosynthetic, and biomass capacities of traditional accessions?
title_full_unstemmed Will future maize improvement programs leverage the canopy light-interception, photosynthetic, and biomass capacities of traditional accessions?
title_short Will future maize improvement programs leverage the canopy light-interception, photosynthetic, and biomass capacities of traditional accessions?
title_sort will future maize improvement programs leverage the canopy light-interception, photosynthetic, and biomass capacities of traditional accessions?
topic Agricultural Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10149054/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37131994
http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.15233
work_keys_str_mv AT mubarakahamadeennagoormohamed willfuturemaizeimprovementprogramsleveragethecanopylightinterceptionphotosyntheticandbiomasscapacitiesoftraditionalaccessions
AT mufeethmohammathumohammathumusthapha willfuturemaizeimprovementprogramsleveragethecanopylightinterceptionphotosyntheticandbiomasscapacitiesoftraditionalaccessions
AT kumaraarachchidevayalagenishanthathissa willfuturemaizeimprovementprogramsleveragethecanopylightinterceptionphotosyntheticandbiomasscapacitiesoftraditionalaccessions