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Computed tomographic angular measurements using a bone-centered three-dimensional coordinate system are accurate in a femoral torsional deformity model and precise in clinical canine patients

INTRODUCTION: In small animal orthopedics, angular measurements in the canine femur are often applied in clinical patients with bone deformities and especially in complex and severe cases. Computed tomography (CT) has been shown to be more precise and accurate than two-dimensional radiography, and s...

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Autores principales: Brühschwein, Andreas, Schmitz, Bronson, Zöllner, Martin, Reese, Sven, Meyer-Lindenberg, Andrea
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10149667/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37138905
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1019216
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author Brühschwein, Andreas
Schmitz, Bronson
Zöllner, Martin
Reese, Sven
Meyer-Lindenberg, Andrea
author_facet Brühschwein, Andreas
Schmitz, Bronson
Zöllner, Martin
Reese, Sven
Meyer-Lindenberg, Andrea
author_sort Brühschwein, Andreas
collection PubMed
description INTRODUCTION: In small animal orthopedics, angular measurements in the canine femur are often applied in clinical patients with bone deformities and especially in complex and severe cases. Computed tomography (CT) has been shown to be more precise and accurate than two-dimensional radiography, and several methods are described. Measurement techniques evaluated in normal bones must prove accuracy in deformed bones in clinical settings. OBJECTIVES: The goals of our study were to evaluate the accuracy of canine femoral torsion angle measurements in a femoral torsional deformity model and to test repeatability and reproducibility of canine femoral neck inclination, torsion, and varus angle measurements in CT datasets of dogs applying a CT-based technique using a three-dimensional (3D) bone-centered coordinate system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For precision testing, femoral torsion, femoral neck inclination, and femoral varus angles were measured in CT data of 68 canine hind limbs by two operators, and their results were compared. For accuracy testing, a femoral torsional deformity model was preset from 0° to +/−90° with a goniometer and scanned. Torsion angles were measured in the CT data and compared to the preset value. RESULTS: In the femoral torsion model, the Bland–Altman plots demonstrated a mean difference of 2.11°, and the Passing–Bablok analysis demonstrated a correlation between goniometer and CT-based measurements. In the clinical CT scans, intra- and interobserver agreement resulted in coefficients of variation for repeated measurements (%) between 1.99 and 8.26 for the femoral torsion, between 0.59 and 4.47 for the femoral neck inclination, and between 1.06 and 5.15 for the femoral varus angles. DISCUSSION: Evaluation of femoral malformations with torsional deformities is the target area of this technique. Further studies are required to assess its value in different types, degrees, and combinations of osseous deformities and to establish normal reference values and guidelines for corrective osteotomies. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this study, the accuracy of the torsion angle measurements and the precision of inclination, torsion, and the varus angle measurements were considered acceptable for clinical application.
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spelling pubmed-101496672023-05-02 Computed tomographic angular measurements using a bone-centered three-dimensional coordinate system are accurate in a femoral torsional deformity model and precise in clinical canine patients Brühschwein, Andreas Schmitz, Bronson Zöllner, Martin Reese, Sven Meyer-Lindenberg, Andrea Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science INTRODUCTION: In small animal orthopedics, angular measurements in the canine femur are often applied in clinical patients with bone deformities and especially in complex and severe cases. Computed tomography (CT) has been shown to be more precise and accurate than two-dimensional radiography, and several methods are described. Measurement techniques evaluated in normal bones must prove accuracy in deformed bones in clinical settings. OBJECTIVES: The goals of our study were to evaluate the accuracy of canine femoral torsion angle measurements in a femoral torsional deformity model and to test repeatability and reproducibility of canine femoral neck inclination, torsion, and varus angle measurements in CT datasets of dogs applying a CT-based technique using a three-dimensional (3D) bone-centered coordinate system. MATERIALS AND METHODS: For precision testing, femoral torsion, femoral neck inclination, and femoral varus angles were measured in CT data of 68 canine hind limbs by two operators, and their results were compared. For accuracy testing, a femoral torsional deformity model was preset from 0° to +/−90° with a goniometer and scanned. Torsion angles were measured in the CT data and compared to the preset value. RESULTS: In the femoral torsion model, the Bland–Altman plots demonstrated a mean difference of 2.11°, and the Passing–Bablok analysis demonstrated a correlation between goniometer and CT-based measurements. In the clinical CT scans, intra- and interobserver agreement resulted in coefficients of variation for repeated measurements (%) between 1.99 and 8.26 for the femoral torsion, between 0.59 and 4.47 for the femoral neck inclination, and between 1.06 and 5.15 for the femoral varus angles. DISCUSSION: Evaluation of femoral malformations with torsional deformities is the target area of this technique. Further studies are required to assess its value in different types, degrees, and combinations of osseous deformities and to establish normal reference values and guidelines for corrective osteotomies. CONCLUSION: Based on the results of this study, the accuracy of the torsion angle measurements and the precision of inclination, torsion, and the varus angle measurements were considered acceptable for clinical application. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-04-17 /pmc/articles/PMC10149667/ /pubmed/37138905 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1019216 Text en Copyright © 2023 Brühschwein, Schmitz, Zöllner, Reese and Meyer-Lindenberg. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Brühschwein, Andreas
Schmitz, Bronson
Zöllner, Martin
Reese, Sven
Meyer-Lindenberg, Andrea
Computed tomographic angular measurements using a bone-centered three-dimensional coordinate system are accurate in a femoral torsional deformity model and precise in clinical canine patients
title Computed tomographic angular measurements using a bone-centered three-dimensional coordinate system are accurate in a femoral torsional deformity model and precise in clinical canine patients
title_full Computed tomographic angular measurements using a bone-centered three-dimensional coordinate system are accurate in a femoral torsional deformity model and precise in clinical canine patients
title_fullStr Computed tomographic angular measurements using a bone-centered three-dimensional coordinate system are accurate in a femoral torsional deformity model and precise in clinical canine patients
title_full_unstemmed Computed tomographic angular measurements using a bone-centered three-dimensional coordinate system are accurate in a femoral torsional deformity model and precise in clinical canine patients
title_short Computed tomographic angular measurements using a bone-centered three-dimensional coordinate system are accurate in a femoral torsional deformity model and precise in clinical canine patients
title_sort computed tomographic angular measurements using a bone-centered three-dimensional coordinate system are accurate in a femoral torsional deformity model and precise in clinical canine patients
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10149667/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37138905
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1019216
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