Validation of a Disease-Free Survival Prediction Model Using UBE2C and Clinical Indicators in Breast Cancer Patients

OBJECTIVE: To explore the validation of a disease-free survival (DFS) model for predicting disease progression based on the combination of ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 C (UBE2C) levels and clinical indicators in breast cancer patients. METHODS: We enrolled 121 patients with breast cancer, collected their baseline characteristics and follow-up data, and analyzed the UBE2C levels in tumor tissues. We studied the relationship between UBE2C expression in tumor tissues and disease progression events of patients. We used the Kaplan-Meier method for identifying the disease-free survival rate of patients, and the multivariate Cox regression analysis to study the risk factors affecting the prognosis of patients. We sought to develop and validate a model for predicting disease progression. RESULTS: We found that the level of expression of UBE2C could effectively distinguish the prognosis of patients. In the Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, the Area under the ROC Curve (AUC) = 0.826 (0.714–0.938) indicating that high levels of UBE2C was a high-risk factor for poor prognosis. After evaluating different models using the ROC curve, Concordance index (C-index), calibration curve, Net Reclassification Index (NRI), Integrated Discrimination Improvement Index (IDI), and other methods, we finally developed a model for the expression of Tumor-Node (TN) staging using Ki-67 and UBE2C, which had an AUC=0.870, 95% CI of 0.786–0.953. The traditional TN model had an AUC=0.717, and 95% CI of 0.581–0.853. Decision Curve Analysis (DCA) and Clinical Impact Curve (CIC) analysis indicated that the model had good clinical benefits and it was relatively simple to use. CONCLUSION: We found that high levels of UBE2C was a high-risk factor for poor prognosis. The use of UBE2C in addition to other breast cancer-related indicators effectively predicted the possible disease progression, thus providing a reliable basis for clinical decision-making.