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Case report: Immune modulation after PD-1 inhibitor therapy in a patient with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma secondary to chronic active Epstein-Barr virus disease unveiled by single-cell transcriptomics

Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus disease (CAEBV) is a systemic lymphoproliferative disorder that is closely linked to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. The clinical course and severity of CAEBV can vary, and in some cases, it can progress to overt lymphoma, which is characterized by extranodal na...

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Autores principales: Wang, Yao, Zhang, Minan, Xue, Qingfeng, Zhou, Huan, Chen, Jie, Wang, Hong, Zhang, Yaping, Shi, Wenyu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10149821/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37138889
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1172307
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author Wang, Yao
Zhang, Minan
Xue, Qingfeng
Zhou, Huan
Chen, Jie
Wang, Hong
Zhang, Yaping
Shi, Wenyu
author_facet Wang, Yao
Zhang, Minan
Xue, Qingfeng
Zhou, Huan
Chen, Jie
Wang, Hong
Zhang, Yaping
Shi, Wenyu
author_sort Wang, Yao
collection PubMed
description Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus disease (CAEBV) is a systemic lymphoproliferative disorder that is closely linked to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. The clinical course and severity of CAEBV can vary, and in some cases, it can progress to overt lymphoma, which is characterized by extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) and has a poor clinical outcome. Although anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) therapy has shown effectiveness in some patients with EBV-associated disease, it has been less successful in others, and the exact mechanism of action of PD-1 inhibitor therapy in these diseases remains unclear. In this report, we describe a patient who was diagnosed with ENKTL secondary to CAEBV and experienced rapid disease progression accompanied by hyperinflammation after receiving PD-1 inhibitor therapy. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed a significant increase in the patient’s lymphocyte count, especially in natural killer cells, with increased activity following PD-1 inhibitor therapy. This case raises questions about the efficacy and safety of PD-1 inhibitor therapy in patients with EBV-associated diseases.
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spelling pubmed-101498212023-05-02 Case report: Immune modulation after PD-1 inhibitor therapy in a patient with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma secondary to chronic active Epstein-Barr virus disease unveiled by single-cell transcriptomics Wang, Yao Zhang, Minan Xue, Qingfeng Zhou, Huan Chen, Jie Wang, Hong Zhang, Yaping Shi, Wenyu Front Immunol Immunology Chronic active Epstein-Barr virus disease (CAEBV) is a systemic lymphoproliferative disorder that is closely linked to Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. The clinical course and severity of CAEBV can vary, and in some cases, it can progress to overt lymphoma, which is characterized by extranodal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (ENKTL) and has a poor clinical outcome. Although anti-programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) therapy has shown effectiveness in some patients with EBV-associated disease, it has been less successful in others, and the exact mechanism of action of PD-1 inhibitor therapy in these diseases remains unclear. In this report, we describe a patient who was diagnosed with ENKTL secondary to CAEBV and experienced rapid disease progression accompanied by hyperinflammation after receiving PD-1 inhibitor therapy. Single-cell RNA sequencing revealed a significant increase in the patient’s lymphocyte count, especially in natural killer cells, with increased activity following PD-1 inhibitor therapy. This case raises questions about the efficacy and safety of PD-1 inhibitor therapy in patients with EBV-associated diseases. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-04-17 /pmc/articles/PMC10149821/ /pubmed/37138889 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1172307 Text en Copyright © 2023 Wang, Zhang, Xue, Zhou, Chen, Wang, Zhang and Shi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Wang, Yao
Zhang, Minan
Xue, Qingfeng
Zhou, Huan
Chen, Jie
Wang, Hong
Zhang, Yaping
Shi, Wenyu
Case report: Immune modulation after PD-1 inhibitor therapy in a patient with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma secondary to chronic active Epstein-Barr virus disease unveiled by single-cell transcriptomics
title Case report: Immune modulation after PD-1 inhibitor therapy in a patient with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma secondary to chronic active Epstein-Barr virus disease unveiled by single-cell transcriptomics
title_full Case report: Immune modulation after PD-1 inhibitor therapy in a patient with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma secondary to chronic active Epstein-Barr virus disease unveiled by single-cell transcriptomics
title_fullStr Case report: Immune modulation after PD-1 inhibitor therapy in a patient with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma secondary to chronic active Epstein-Barr virus disease unveiled by single-cell transcriptomics
title_full_unstemmed Case report: Immune modulation after PD-1 inhibitor therapy in a patient with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma secondary to chronic active Epstein-Barr virus disease unveiled by single-cell transcriptomics
title_short Case report: Immune modulation after PD-1 inhibitor therapy in a patient with extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma secondary to chronic active Epstein-Barr virus disease unveiled by single-cell transcriptomics
title_sort case report: immune modulation after pd-1 inhibitor therapy in a patient with extranodal nk/t-cell lymphoma secondary to chronic active epstein-barr virus disease unveiled by single-cell transcriptomics
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10149821/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37138889
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2023.1172307
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