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Epidemiological characteristics and financial losses due to avian aspergillosis in households in the Almaty region, Republic of Kazakhstan

Aspergillosis is a severe fungal disease that affects all species and ages of poultry and leads to significant economic losses within the poultry industry. The economic significance of aspergillosis is associated with direct losses due to poultry mortality, a decline in the production of meat and eg...

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Autores principales: Kalkayeva, Dinara, Maulanov, Amangeldi, Sobiech, Przemysław, Michalski, Mirosław, Kuzembekova, Gulnur, Dzhangabulova, Ainur, Nurkhojayev, Nurzhan, Aldayarov, Nurbek
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10150056/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37138907
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1141456
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author Kalkayeva, Dinara
Maulanov, Amangeldi
Sobiech, Przemysław
Michalski, Mirosław
Kuzembekova, Gulnur
Dzhangabulova, Ainur
Nurkhojayev, Nurzhan
Aldayarov, Nurbek
author_facet Kalkayeva, Dinara
Maulanov, Amangeldi
Sobiech, Przemysław
Michalski, Mirosław
Kuzembekova, Gulnur
Dzhangabulova, Ainur
Nurkhojayev, Nurzhan
Aldayarov, Nurbek
author_sort Kalkayeva, Dinara
collection PubMed
description Aspergillosis is a severe fungal disease that affects all species and ages of poultry and leads to significant economic losses within the poultry industry. The economic significance of aspergillosis is associated with direct losses due to poultry mortality, a decline in the production of meat and eggs, feed conversion, and poor growth of recovering poultry. Although a decrease in the production of poultry meat and eggs in Kazakhstan due to this fungal disease has been widely reported, studies on the consequent financial losses on affected farms (households) have not been carried out. This study aimed to estimate the financial losses and epidemiological parameters of avian aspergillosis among households affected by the disease in the Almaty region. To achieve the objectives of the research, a survey was conducted involving affected households from February 2018 to July 2019. The affected poultry were diagnosed based on clinical, macroscopical, and microscopical procedures, and once the infection was confirmed, household owners were interviewed. Data were collected from 183 household owners. The median incidence risk and fatality rates were 39 and 26% in chickens, 42 and 22% in turkeys, and 37 and 33% in geese, respectively, with young poultry having a higher incidence risk and fatality rate than adults. Approximately 92.4% of the household owners treated the affected poultry using natural folk methods and 7.6% of household owners used antifungal drugs and antibiotics, spending a median of US $35.20 (min US $0; max US $400) per household throughout the course of the infection. Egg production was reduced by a median of 58.3% when households were affected. The price of poultry fell by a median of 48.6% immediately after recovery due to weight loss. The median of the overall financial losses of households was US $198.50 (min US $11; max US $1,269). The majority of household owners (65%) did not replace their poultry, 9.8% of household owners replaced all their poultry, and the remaining 25.1% replaced only a proportion of the poultry lost at the time of the study. Newly acquired poultry were purchased from neighbors (10.9%), fellow villagers (50%), and state poultry farms (39.1%). This study demonstrates that aspergillosis has an immediate impact on subsistence household owners' livelihoods in the Almaty region of Kazakhstan.
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spelling pubmed-101500562023-05-02 Epidemiological characteristics and financial losses due to avian aspergillosis in households in the Almaty region, Republic of Kazakhstan Kalkayeva, Dinara Maulanov, Amangeldi Sobiech, Przemysław Michalski, Mirosław Kuzembekova, Gulnur Dzhangabulova, Ainur Nurkhojayev, Nurzhan Aldayarov, Nurbek Front Vet Sci Veterinary Science Aspergillosis is a severe fungal disease that affects all species and ages of poultry and leads to significant economic losses within the poultry industry. The economic significance of aspergillosis is associated with direct losses due to poultry mortality, a decline in the production of meat and eggs, feed conversion, and poor growth of recovering poultry. Although a decrease in the production of poultry meat and eggs in Kazakhstan due to this fungal disease has been widely reported, studies on the consequent financial losses on affected farms (households) have not been carried out. This study aimed to estimate the financial losses and epidemiological parameters of avian aspergillosis among households affected by the disease in the Almaty region. To achieve the objectives of the research, a survey was conducted involving affected households from February 2018 to July 2019. The affected poultry were diagnosed based on clinical, macroscopical, and microscopical procedures, and once the infection was confirmed, household owners were interviewed. Data were collected from 183 household owners. The median incidence risk and fatality rates were 39 and 26% in chickens, 42 and 22% in turkeys, and 37 and 33% in geese, respectively, with young poultry having a higher incidence risk and fatality rate than adults. Approximately 92.4% of the household owners treated the affected poultry using natural folk methods and 7.6% of household owners used antifungal drugs and antibiotics, spending a median of US $35.20 (min US $0; max US $400) per household throughout the course of the infection. Egg production was reduced by a median of 58.3% when households were affected. The price of poultry fell by a median of 48.6% immediately after recovery due to weight loss. The median of the overall financial losses of households was US $198.50 (min US $11; max US $1,269). The majority of household owners (65%) did not replace their poultry, 9.8% of household owners replaced all their poultry, and the remaining 25.1% replaced only a proportion of the poultry lost at the time of the study. Newly acquired poultry were purchased from neighbors (10.9%), fellow villagers (50%), and state poultry farms (39.1%). This study demonstrates that aspergillosis has an immediate impact on subsistence household owners' livelihoods in the Almaty region of Kazakhstan. Frontiers Media S.A. 2023-04-17 /pmc/articles/PMC10150056/ /pubmed/37138907 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1141456 Text en Copyright © 2023 Kalkayeva, Maulanov, Sobiech, Michalski, Kuzembekova, Dzhangabulova, Nurkhojayev and Aldayarov. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Veterinary Science
Kalkayeva, Dinara
Maulanov, Amangeldi
Sobiech, Przemysław
Michalski, Mirosław
Kuzembekova, Gulnur
Dzhangabulova, Ainur
Nurkhojayev, Nurzhan
Aldayarov, Nurbek
Epidemiological characteristics and financial losses due to avian aspergillosis in households in the Almaty region, Republic of Kazakhstan
title Epidemiological characteristics and financial losses due to avian aspergillosis in households in the Almaty region, Republic of Kazakhstan
title_full Epidemiological characteristics and financial losses due to avian aspergillosis in households in the Almaty region, Republic of Kazakhstan
title_fullStr Epidemiological characteristics and financial losses due to avian aspergillosis in households in the Almaty region, Republic of Kazakhstan
title_full_unstemmed Epidemiological characteristics and financial losses due to avian aspergillosis in households in the Almaty region, Republic of Kazakhstan
title_short Epidemiological characteristics and financial losses due to avian aspergillosis in households in the Almaty region, Republic of Kazakhstan
title_sort epidemiological characteristics and financial losses due to avian aspergillosis in households in the almaty region, republic of kazakhstan
topic Veterinary Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10150056/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37138907
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2023.1141456
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