TFEB ‐translocated and ‐amplified renal cell carcinoma with VEGFA co‐amplification: A case of long‐term control by multimodal therapy including a vascular endothelial growth factor‐receptor inhibitor

INTRODUCTION: Renal cell carcinoma with TFEB amplification is rare and reportedly aggressive. We herein report a case of renal cell carcinoma with TFEB translocation and amplification in which long‐term control was achieved by multimodal therapy including a vascular endothelial growth factor ‐receptor inhibitor. CASE PRESENTATION: A 70‐year‐old man was referred to our institution for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma with multinodal metastases. Open nephrectomy and lymph node dissection were performed. Immunohistochemistry for transcription factor EB was positive, and fluorescent in situ hybridization revealed TFEB rearrangement and amplification. The diagnosis was TFEB‐translocated and ‐amplified renal cell carcinoma. VEGFA amplification was also demonstrated by fluorescent in situ hybridization. The residual and recurrent tumors were treated and controlled for 52 months by vascular endothelial growth factor‐receptor target therapy, radiation therapy, and additional surgery. CONCLUSION: A good long‐term response to anti‐vascular endothelial growth factor drug therapy may be due to VEGFA amplification and subsequent vascular endothelial growth factor overexpression.