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An evaluation of the early impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Zambia’s routine immunization program

Implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for both populations and healthcare systems are vast. In addition to morbidity and mortality from COVID-19, the pandemic also disrupted local health systems, including reductions or delays in routine vaccination services and catch-up vaccination campaigns. These...

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Autores principales: Winter, Amy K., Takahashi, Saki, Carcelen, Andrea C., Hayford, Kyla, Mutale, Wilbroad, Mwansa, Francis D., Sinyange, Nyambe, Ngula, David, Moss, William J., Mutembo, Simon
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10153718/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37130089
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000554
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author Winter, Amy K.
Takahashi, Saki
Carcelen, Andrea C.
Hayford, Kyla
Mutale, Wilbroad
Mwansa, Francis D.
Sinyange, Nyambe
Ngula, David
Moss, William J.
Mutembo, Simon
author_facet Winter, Amy K.
Takahashi, Saki
Carcelen, Andrea C.
Hayford, Kyla
Mutale, Wilbroad
Mwansa, Francis D.
Sinyange, Nyambe
Ngula, David
Moss, William J.
Mutembo, Simon
author_sort Winter, Amy K.
collection PubMed
description Implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for both populations and healthcare systems are vast. In addition to morbidity and mortality from COVID-19, the pandemic also disrupted local health systems, including reductions or delays in routine vaccination services and catch-up vaccination campaigns. These disruptions could lead to outbreaks of other infectious diseases that result in an additional burden of disease and strain on the healthcare system. We evaluated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Zambia’s routine childhood immunization program in 2020 using multiple sources of data. We relied on administrative vaccination data and Zambia’s 2018 Demographic and Health Survey to project national disruptions to district-specific routine childhood vaccination coverage within the pandemic year 2020. Next, we leveraged a 2016 population-based serological survey to predict age-specific measles seroprevalence and assessed the impact of changes in vaccination coverage on measles outbreak risk in each district. We found minor disruptions to routine administration of measles-rubella and pentavalent vaccines in 2020. This was in part due to Zambia’s Child Health Week held in June of 2020 which helped to reach children missed during the first six months of the year. We estimated that the two-month delay in a measles-rubella vaccination campaign, originally planned for September of 2020 but conducted in November of 2020 as a result of the pandemic, had little impact on modeled district-specific measles outbreak risks. This study estimated minimal increases in the number of children missed by vaccination services in Zambia during 2020. However, the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 transmission since our analysis concluded means efforts to maintain routine immunization services and minimize the risk of measles outbreaks will continue to be critical. The methodological framework developed in this analysis relied on routinely collected data to estimate disruptions of the COVID-19 pandemic to national routine vaccination program performance and its impact on children missed at the subnational level can be deployed in other countries or for other vaccines.
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spelling pubmed-101537182023-05-03 An evaluation of the early impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Zambia’s routine immunization program Winter, Amy K. Takahashi, Saki Carcelen, Andrea C. Hayford, Kyla Mutale, Wilbroad Mwansa, Francis D. Sinyange, Nyambe Ngula, David Moss, William J. Mutembo, Simon PLOS Glob Public Health Research Article Implications of the COVID-19 pandemic for both populations and healthcare systems are vast. In addition to morbidity and mortality from COVID-19, the pandemic also disrupted local health systems, including reductions or delays in routine vaccination services and catch-up vaccination campaigns. These disruptions could lead to outbreaks of other infectious diseases that result in an additional burden of disease and strain on the healthcare system. We evaluated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Zambia’s routine childhood immunization program in 2020 using multiple sources of data. We relied on administrative vaccination data and Zambia’s 2018 Demographic and Health Survey to project national disruptions to district-specific routine childhood vaccination coverage within the pandemic year 2020. Next, we leveraged a 2016 population-based serological survey to predict age-specific measles seroprevalence and assessed the impact of changes in vaccination coverage on measles outbreak risk in each district. We found minor disruptions to routine administration of measles-rubella and pentavalent vaccines in 2020. This was in part due to Zambia’s Child Health Week held in June of 2020 which helped to reach children missed during the first six months of the year. We estimated that the two-month delay in a measles-rubella vaccination campaign, originally planned for September of 2020 but conducted in November of 2020 as a result of the pandemic, had little impact on modeled district-specific measles outbreak risks. This study estimated minimal increases in the number of children missed by vaccination services in Zambia during 2020. However, the ongoing SARS-CoV-2 transmission since our analysis concluded means efforts to maintain routine immunization services and minimize the risk of measles outbreaks will continue to be critical. The methodological framework developed in this analysis relied on routinely collected data to estimate disruptions of the COVID-19 pandemic to national routine vaccination program performance and its impact on children missed at the subnational level can be deployed in other countries or for other vaccines. Public Library of Science 2023-05-02 /pmc/articles/PMC10153718/ /pubmed/37130089 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000554 Text en © 2023 Winter et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Winter, Amy K.
Takahashi, Saki
Carcelen, Andrea C.
Hayford, Kyla
Mutale, Wilbroad
Mwansa, Francis D.
Sinyange, Nyambe
Ngula, David
Moss, William J.
Mutembo, Simon
An evaluation of the early impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Zambia’s routine immunization program
title An evaluation of the early impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Zambia’s routine immunization program
title_full An evaluation of the early impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Zambia’s routine immunization program
title_fullStr An evaluation of the early impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Zambia’s routine immunization program
title_full_unstemmed An evaluation of the early impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Zambia’s routine immunization program
title_short An evaluation of the early impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Zambia’s routine immunization program
title_sort evaluation of the early impact of the covid-19 pandemic on zambia’s routine immunization program
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10153718/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37130089
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0000554
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