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Signs of immunosenescence correlate with poor outcome of mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in older adults

Vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is effective in preventing COVID-19 hospitalization and fatal outcome. However, several studies indicated that there is reduced vaccine effectiveness among older individuals, which is correlated with their general healt...

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Autores principales: Palacios-Pedrero, Miguel Ángel, Jansen, Janina M., Blume, Cornelia, Stanislawski, Nils, Jonczyk, Rebecca, Molle, Antonia, Hernandez, Mariana Gonzalez, Kaiser, Franziska K., Jung, Klaus, Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E., Rimmelzwaan, Guus F., Saletti, Giulietta
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Nature Publishing Group US 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10154205/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37118289
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43587-022-00292-y
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author Palacios-Pedrero, Miguel Ángel
Jansen, Janina M.
Blume, Cornelia
Stanislawski, Nils
Jonczyk, Rebecca
Molle, Antonia
Hernandez, Mariana Gonzalez
Kaiser, Franziska K.
Jung, Klaus
Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E.
Rimmelzwaan, Guus F.
Saletti, Giulietta
author_facet Palacios-Pedrero, Miguel Ángel
Jansen, Janina M.
Blume, Cornelia
Stanislawski, Nils
Jonczyk, Rebecca
Molle, Antonia
Hernandez, Mariana Gonzalez
Kaiser, Franziska K.
Jung, Klaus
Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E.
Rimmelzwaan, Guus F.
Saletti, Giulietta
author_sort Palacios-Pedrero, Miguel Ángel
collection PubMed
description Vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is effective in preventing COVID-19 hospitalization and fatal outcome. However, several studies indicated that there is reduced vaccine effectiveness among older individuals, which is correlated with their general health status(1,2). How and to what extent age-related immunological defects are responsible for the suboptimal vaccine responses observed in older individuals receiving SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA vaccine, is unclear and not fully investigated(1,3–5). In this observational study, we investigated adaptive immune responses in adults of various ages (22–99 years old) receiving 2 doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. Vaccine-induced Spike-specific antibody, and T and memory B cell responses decreased with increasing age. These responses positively correlated with the percentages of peripheral naïve CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells and negatively with CD8(+) T cells expressing signs of immunosenescence. Older adults displayed a preferred T cell response to the S2 region of the Spike protein, which is relatively conserved and a target for cross-reactive T cells induced by human ‘common cold’ coronaviruses. Memory T cell responses to influenza virus were not affected by age-related changes, nor the SARS-CoV-2-specific response induced by infection. Collectively, we identified signs of immunosenescence correlating with the outcome of vaccination against a new viral antigen to which older adults are immunologically naïve. This knowledge is important for the management of COVID-19 infections in older adults.
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spelling pubmed-101542052023-05-04 Signs of immunosenescence correlate with poor outcome of mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in older adults Palacios-Pedrero, Miguel Ángel Jansen, Janina M. Blume, Cornelia Stanislawski, Nils Jonczyk, Rebecca Molle, Antonia Hernandez, Mariana Gonzalez Kaiser, Franziska K. Jung, Klaus Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E. Rimmelzwaan, Guus F. Saletti, Giulietta Nat Aging Letter Vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is effective in preventing COVID-19 hospitalization and fatal outcome. However, several studies indicated that there is reduced vaccine effectiveness among older individuals, which is correlated with their general health status(1,2). How and to what extent age-related immunological defects are responsible for the suboptimal vaccine responses observed in older individuals receiving SARS-CoV-2 messenger RNA vaccine, is unclear and not fully investigated(1,3–5). In this observational study, we investigated adaptive immune responses in adults of various ages (22–99 years old) receiving 2 doses of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. Vaccine-induced Spike-specific antibody, and T and memory B cell responses decreased with increasing age. These responses positively correlated with the percentages of peripheral naïve CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells and negatively with CD8(+) T cells expressing signs of immunosenescence. Older adults displayed a preferred T cell response to the S2 region of the Spike protein, which is relatively conserved and a target for cross-reactive T cells induced by human ‘common cold’ coronaviruses. Memory T cell responses to influenza virus were not affected by age-related changes, nor the SARS-CoV-2-specific response induced by infection. Collectively, we identified signs of immunosenescence correlating with the outcome of vaccination against a new viral antigen to which older adults are immunologically naïve. This knowledge is important for the management of COVID-19 infections in older adults. Nature Publishing Group US 2022-10-14 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC10154205/ /pubmed/37118289 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43587-022-00292-y Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Letter
Palacios-Pedrero, Miguel Ángel
Jansen, Janina M.
Blume, Cornelia
Stanislawski, Nils
Jonczyk, Rebecca
Molle, Antonia
Hernandez, Mariana Gonzalez
Kaiser, Franziska K.
Jung, Klaus
Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E.
Rimmelzwaan, Guus F.
Saletti, Giulietta
Signs of immunosenescence correlate with poor outcome of mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in older adults
title Signs of immunosenescence correlate with poor outcome of mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in older adults
title_full Signs of immunosenescence correlate with poor outcome of mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in older adults
title_fullStr Signs of immunosenescence correlate with poor outcome of mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in older adults
title_full_unstemmed Signs of immunosenescence correlate with poor outcome of mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in older adults
title_short Signs of immunosenescence correlate with poor outcome of mRNA COVID-19 vaccination in older adults
title_sort signs of immunosenescence correlate with poor outcome of mrna covid-19 vaccination in older adults
topic Letter
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10154205/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37118289
http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s43587-022-00292-y
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