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Presence of Holmboe waves in particle-laden intrusive gravity current
The present study evaluates the prevalence of Holmboe waves in an intrusive gravity current (IGC) containing particles, employing large Eddy simulation (LES). Holmboe waves, a type of stratified shear layer-generated wave, are characterised by a relatively thin density interface compared to the thic...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Nature Publishing Group UK
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10154357/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37130961 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-34371-w |
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author | Rostami Dehjalali, Sadegh Khavasi, Ehsan Nazmi, Parsa |
author_facet | Rostami Dehjalali, Sadegh Khavasi, Ehsan Nazmi, Parsa |
author_sort | Rostami Dehjalali, Sadegh |
collection | PubMed |
description | The present study evaluates the prevalence of Holmboe waves in an intrusive gravity current (IGC) containing particles, employing large Eddy simulation (LES). Holmboe waves, a type of stratified shear layer-generated wave, are characterised by a relatively thin density interface compared to the thickness of the shear layer. The study demonstrates the occurrence of secondary rotation, wave stretching over time, and fluid ejection at the interface between the IGC and a lower gravity current (LGC). Results indicate that, aside from J and R, the density difference between the IGC and the LGC has an impact on Holmboe instability. However, a reduction in the density difference does not manifest consistently in the frequency, growth rate, and phase speed, though it does cause an increase in the wavelength. It is important to note that small particles do not affect the Holmboe instability of the IGC, while larger particles cause the current to become unstable and vary the characteristics of Holmboe instability. Moreover, an increase in the particle diameter size results in an increment in the wavelength, growth rate, and phase speed; but is accompanied by a decrease in frequency. Additionally, the enlargement of the bed slope angle makes the IGC more unstable, encouraging the growth of Kelvin–Helmholtz waves; however, this causes Holmboe waves to disappear on inclined beds. Finally, a range for the instabilities of both Kelvin–Helmholtz and Holmboe is provided. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10154357 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | Nature Publishing Group UK |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101543572023-05-04 Presence of Holmboe waves in particle-laden intrusive gravity current Rostami Dehjalali, Sadegh Khavasi, Ehsan Nazmi, Parsa Sci Rep Article The present study evaluates the prevalence of Holmboe waves in an intrusive gravity current (IGC) containing particles, employing large Eddy simulation (LES). Holmboe waves, a type of stratified shear layer-generated wave, are characterised by a relatively thin density interface compared to the thickness of the shear layer. The study demonstrates the occurrence of secondary rotation, wave stretching over time, and fluid ejection at the interface between the IGC and a lower gravity current (LGC). Results indicate that, aside from J and R, the density difference between the IGC and the LGC has an impact on Holmboe instability. However, a reduction in the density difference does not manifest consistently in the frequency, growth rate, and phase speed, though it does cause an increase in the wavelength. It is important to note that small particles do not affect the Holmboe instability of the IGC, while larger particles cause the current to become unstable and vary the characteristics of Holmboe instability. Moreover, an increase in the particle diameter size results in an increment in the wavelength, growth rate, and phase speed; but is accompanied by a decrease in frequency. Additionally, the enlargement of the bed slope angle makes the IGC more unstable, encouraging the growth of Kelvin–Helmholtz waves; however, this causes Holmboe waves to disappear on inclined beds. Finally, a range for the instabilities of both Kelvin–Helmholtz and Holmboe is provided. Nature Publishing Group UK 2023-05-02 /pmc/articles/PMC10154357/ /pubmed/37130961 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-34371-w Text en © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Article Rostami Dehjalali, Sadegh Khavasi, Ehsan Nazmi, Parsa Presence of Holmboe waves in particle-laden intrusive gravity current |
title | Presence of Holmboe waves in particle-laden intrusive gravity current |
title_full | Presence of Holmboe waves in particle-laden intrusive gravity current |
title_fullStr | Presence of Holmboe waves in particle-laden intrusive gravity current |
title_full_unstemmed | Presence of Holmboe waves in particle-laden intrusive gravity current |
title_short | Presence of Holmboe waves in particle-laden intrusive gravity current |
title_sort | presence of holmboe waves in particle-laden intrusive gravity current |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10154357/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37130961 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-34371-w |
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