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Anxiety, coping style and hopelessness during COVID‐19 pandemic: An Iranian population‐based study
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The COVID‐19 pandemic has caused new conditions such as nationwide quarantine, a dramatic decrease in‐person interaction and an increase in death anxiety for governments and people. The pandemic of an unpredictable disease with no definite treatment can pose physical and psychol...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
John Wiley and Sons Inc.
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10154849/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37152235 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.1233 |
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author | Momeni, Khodamorad Salimi, Yahya Majzoobi, Mohammad Reza Ziapour, Arash Janjani, Parisa |
author_facet | Momeni, Khodamorad Salimi, Yahya Majzoobi, Mohammad Reza Ziapour, Arash Janjani, Parisa |
author_sort | Momeni, Khodamorad |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The COVID‐19 pandemic has caused new conditions such as nationwide quarantine, a dramatic decrease in‐person interaction and an increase in death anxiety for governments and people. The pandemic of an unpredictable disease with no definite treatment can pose physical and psychological risks to individuals. The present study aimed to investigate the state of anxiety, coping styles, and hopelessness of people in the lockdown period and reopening in Iran. METHODS: In this national population‐based cross‐sectional study, a total of 1191 people who had access to social networks from all over Iran completed the anxiety, hopelessness, and coping style questionnaires online using the snowball sampling method. Analysis was conducted using Stata software version 12 (Stat Corp). The significance level was set at 0.05. RESULTS: The results of the study suggested that women experienced higher levels of anxiety than men, and, in stressful situations, women were more likely to use emotion‐focused coping styles, while men frequently used problem‐focused coping styles. The majority of participants reported moderate levels of anxiety and low levels of hopelessness (64.04%). The results of multiple linear regression show any level of anxiety mild (ß = 0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.32–0.85), moderate (ß = 0.72, 95% CI: 1.36–1.08), and severe (ß = 2, 95% CI: 1.36–2.56) relative to the none anxiety significantly increase the hopelessness, Furthermore, showing a negative significant adjusted association with the problem‐focused coping style (ß = −0.06, 95% CI: −0.07 to −0.04), and a significant positive association with the emotion‐focused coping style (ß = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.02–0.06). CONCLUSION: Our findings could be used to prevent psychological damage in societies and suggested addressing problem‐focused coping style, especially during a crisis, and providing people with preprepared mental health protocols at this pandemic. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10154849 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101548492023-05-04 Anxiety, coping style and hopelessness during COVID‐19 pandemic: An Iranian population‐based study Momeni, Khodamorad Salimi, Yahya Majzoobi, Mohammad Reza Ziapour, Arash Janjani, Parisa Health Sci Rep Original Research BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The COVID‐19 pandemic has caused new conditions such as nationwide quarantine, a dramatic decrease in‐person interaction and an increase in death anxiety for governments and people. The pandemic of an unpredictable disease with no definite treatment can pose physical and psychological risks to individuals. The present study aimed to investigate the state of anxiety, coping styles, and hopelessness of people in the lockdown period and reopening in Iran. METHODS: In this national population‐based cross‐sectional study, a total of 1191 people who had access to social networks from all over Iran completed the anxiety, hopelessness, and coping style questionnaires online using the snowball sampling method. Analysis was conducted using Stata software version 12 (Stat Corp). The significance level was set at 0.05. RESULTS: The results of the study suggested that women experienced higher levels of anxiety than men, and, in stressful situations, women were more likely to use emotion‐focused coping styles, while men frequently used problem‐focused coping styles. The majority of participants reported moderate levels of anxiety and low levels of hopelessness (64.04%). The results of multiple linear regression show any level of anxiety mild (ß = 0.59, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.32–0.85), moderate (ß = 0.72, 95% CI: 1.36–1.08), and severe (ß = 2, 95% CI: 1.36–2.56) relative to the none anxiety significantly increase the hopelessness, Furthermore, showing a negative significant adjusted association with the problem‐focused coping style (ß = −0.06, 95% CI: −0.07 to −0.04), and a significant positive association with the emotion‐focused coping style (ß = 0.04, 95% CI: 0.02–0.06). CONCLUSION: Our findings could be used to prevent psychological damage in societies and suggested addressing problem‐focused coping style, especially during a crisis, and providing people with preprepared mental health protocols at this pandemic. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2023-05-02 /pmc/articles/PMC10154849/ /pubmed/37152235 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.1233 Text en © 2023 The Authors. Health Science Reports published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Original Research Momeni, Khodamorad Salimi, Yahya Majzoobi, Mohammad Reza Ziapour, Arash Janjani, Parisa Anxiety, coping style and hopelessness during COVID‐19 pandemic: An Iranian population‐based study |
title | Anxiety, coping style and hopelessness during COVID‐19 pandemic: An Iranian population‐based study |
title_full | Anxiety, coping style and hopelessness during COVID‐19 pandemic: An Iranian population‐based study |
title_fullStr | Anxiety, coping style and hopelessness during COVID‐19 pandemic: An Iranian population‐based study |
title_full_unstemmed | Anxiety, coping style and hopelessness during COVID‐19 pandemic: An Iranian population‐based study |
title_short | Anxiety, coping style and hopelessness during COVID‐19 pandemic: An Iranian population‐based study |
title_sort | anxiety, coping style and hopelessness during covid‐19 pandemic: an iranian population‐based study |
topic | Original Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10154849/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37152235 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.1233 |
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