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Numerical assessment of wake-based estimation of instantaneous lift in flapping flight of large birds

Experimental characterization of bird flight without instrumenting the animal requires measuring the flow behind the bird in a wind tunnel. Models are used to link the measured velocities to the corresponding aerodynamic forces. Widely-used models can, however, prove inconsistent when evaluating the...

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Autores principales: Colognesi, Victor, Ronsse, Renaud, Chatelain, Philippe
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Public Library of Science 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10159204/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37141190
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0284714
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author Colognesi, Victor
Ronsse, Renaud
Chatelain, Philippe
author_facet Colognesi, Victor
Ronsse, Renaud
Chatelain, Philippe
author_sort Colognesi, Victor
collection PubMed
description Experimental characterization of bird flight without instrumenting the animal requires measuring the flow behind the bird in a wind tunnel. Models are used to link the measured velocities to the corresponding aerodynamic forces. Widely-used models can, however, prove inconsistent when evaluating the instantaneous lift. Yet, accurately estimating variations of lift is critical in order to reverse-engineer flapping flight. In this work, we revisit mathematical models of lift based on the conservation of momentum in a control volume around a bird. Using a numerical framework to represent a flapping bird wing and compute the flow around it, we mimic the conditions of a wind tunnel and produce realistic wakes, which we compare to experimental data. Providing ground truth measurements of the flow everywhere around the simulated bird, we assess the validity of several lift estimation techniques. We observe that the circulation-based component of the instantaneous lift can be retrieved from measurements of velocity in a single plane behind a bird, with a latency that is found to depend directly on the free-stream velocity. We further show that the lift contribution of the added-mass effect cannot be retrieved from such measurements and quantify the level of approximation due to ignoring this contribution in instantaneous lift estimation.
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spelling pubmed-101592042023-05-05 Numerical assessment of wake-based estimation of instantaneous lift in flapping flight of large birds Colognesi, Victor Ronsse, Renaud Chatelain, Philippe PLoS One Research Article Experimental characterization of bird flight without instrumenting the animal requires measuring the flow behind the bird in a wind tunnel. Models are used to link the measured velocities to the corresponding aerodynamic forces. Widely-used models can, however, prove inconsistent when evaluating the instantaneous lift. Yet, accurately estimating variations of lift is critical in order to reverse-engineer flapping flight. In this work, we revisit mathematical models of lift based on the conservation of momentum in a control volume around a bird. Using a numerical framework to represent a flapping bird wing and compute the flow around it, we mimic the conditions of a wind tunnel and produce realistic wakes, which we compare to experimental data. Providing ground truth measurements of the flow everywhere around the simulated bird, we assess the validity of several lift estimation techniques. We observe that the circulation-based component of the instantaneous lift can be retrieved from measurements of velocity in a single plane behind a bird, with a latency that is found to depend directly on the free-stream velocity. We further show that the lift contribution of the added-mass effect cannot be retrieved from such measurements and quantify the level of approximation due to ignoring this contribution in instantaneous lift estimation. Public Library of Science 2023-05-04 /pmc/articles/PMC10159204/ /pubmed/37141190 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0284714 Text en © 2023 Colognesi et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Research Article
Colognesi, Victor
Ronsse, Renaud
Chatelain, Philippe
Numerical assessment of wake-based estimation of instantaneous lift in flapping flight of large birds
title Numerical assessment of wake-based estimation of instantaneous lift in flapping flight of large birds
title_full Numerical assessment of wake-based estimation of instantaneous lift in flapping flight of large birds
title_fullStr Numerical assessment of wake-based estimation of instantaneous lift in flapping flight of large birds
title_full_unstemmed Numerical assessment of wake-based estimation of instantaneous lift in flapping flight of large birds
title_short Numerical assessment of wake-based estimation of instantaneous lift in flapping flight of large birds
title_sort numerical assessment of wake-based estimation of instantaneous lift in flapping flight of large birds
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10159204/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37141190
http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0284714
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