Impact of CT scan parameters on deformable image registration accuracy using deformable thorax phantom

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the deformable image registration (DIR) accuracy using various CT scan parameters with deformable thorax phantom. Our developed deformable thorax phantom (Dephan, Chiyoda Technol Corp, Tokyo, Japan) was used. The phantom consists of a base phantom, an inner phantom, and a motor‐derived piston. The base phantom is an acrylic cylinder phantom with a diameter of 180 mm, which simulates the chest wall. The inner phantom consists of deformable, 20 mm thick disk‐shaped sponges with 48 Lucite beads and 48 nylon cross‐wires which simulate the vascular and bronchial bifurcations of the lung. Peak‐exhale and peak‐inhale images of the deformable phantom were acquired using a CT scanner (Aquilion LB, TOSHIBA). To evaluate the impact of CT scan parameters on DIR accuracy, we used the four tube voltages (80, 100, 120, and 135 kV) and six reconstruction algorithms (FC11, FC13, FC15, FC41, FC44, and FC52). Intensity‐based DIR was performed between the two images using MIM Maestro (MIM software, Cleveland, USA). Fiducial markers (beads and cross‐wires) based target registration error (TRE) was used for quantitative evaluation of DIR. In case with different tube voltages, the range of average TRE were 4.44–5.69 mm (reconstruction algorithm: FC13). In case with different reconstruction algorithms, the range of average TRE were 4.26–4.59 mm (tube voltage: 120 kV). The TRE were differed by up to 3.0 mm (3.96–6.96 mm) depending on the combination of tube voltage and reconstruction algorithm. Our result indicated that CT scan parameters had moderate impact of TRE, especially for reconstruction algorithms for the deformable thorax phantom.