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Flexible design in the stomatopod dactyl club
The stomatopod is a fascinating animal that uses its weaponized appendage dactyl clubs for breaking mollusc shells. Dactyl clubs are a well studied example of biomineralized hierarchical structures. Most research has focused on the regions close to the action, namely the impact region and surface co...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
International Union of Crystallography
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10161772/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36912686 http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S2052252523002075 |
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author | Christensen, Thorbjørn Erik Køppen Chua, Jia Qing Isaiah Wittig, Nina Kølln Jørgensen, Mads Ry Vogel Kantor, Innokenty Thomsen, Jesper Skovhus Miserez, Ali Birkedal, Henrik |
author_facet | Christensen, Thorbjørn Erik Køppen Chua, Jia Qing Isaiah Wittig, Nina Kølln Jørgensen, Mads Ry Vogel Kantor, Innokenty Thomsen, Jesper Skovhus Miserez, Ali Birkedal, Henrik |
author_sort | Christensen, Thorbjørn Erik Køppen |
collection | PubMed |
description | The stomatopod is a fascinating animal that uses its weaponized appendage dactyl clubs for breaking mollusc shells. Dactyl clubs are a well studied example of biomineralized hierarchical structures. Most research has focused on the regions close to the action, namely the impact region and surface composed of chitin and apatite crystallites. Further away from the site of impact, the club has lower mineralization and more amorphous phases; these areas have not been as actively studied as their highly mineralized counterparts. This work focuses on the side of the club, in what is known as the periodic and striated regions. A combination of laboratory micro-computed tomography, synchrotron X-ray diffraction mapping and synchrotron X-ray fluorescence mapping has shown that the mineral in this region undergoes the transition from an amorphous to a crystalline phase in some, but not all, clubs. This means that this side region can be mineralized by either an amorphous phase, calcite crystallites or a mixture of both. It was found that when larger calcite crystallites form, they are organized (textured) with respect to the chitin present in this biocomposite. This suggests that chitin may serve as a template for crystallization when the side of the club is fully mineralized. Further, calcite crystallites were found to form as early as 1 week after moulting of the club. This suggests that the side of the club is designed with a significant safety margin that allows for a variety of phases, i.e. the club can function independently of whether the side region has a crystalline or amorphous mineral phase. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10161772 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | International Union of Crystallography |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101617722023-05-06 Flexible design in the stomatopod dactyl club Christensen, Thorbjørn Erik Køppen Chua, Jia Qing Isaiah Wittig, Nina Kølln Jørgensen, Mads Ry Vogel Kantor, Innokenty Thomsen, Jesper Skovhus Miserez, Ali Birkedal, Henrik IUCrJ Research Papers The stomatopod is a fascinating animal that uses its weaponized appendage dactyl clubs for breaking mollusc shells. Dactyl clubs are a well studied example of biomineralized hierarchical structures. Most research has focused on the regions close to the action, namely the impact region and surface composed of chitin and apatite crystallites. Further away from the site of impact, the club has lower mineralization and more amorphous phases; these areas have not been as actively studied as their highly mineralized counterparts. This work focuses on the side of the club, in what is known as the periodic and striated regions. A combination of laboratory micro-computed tomography, synchrotron X-ray diffraction mapping and synchrotron X-ray fluorescence mapping has shown that the mineral in this region undergoes the transition from an amorphous to a crystalline phase in some, but not all, clubs. This means that this side region can be mineralized by either an amorphous phase, calcite crystallites or a mixture of both. It was found that when larger calcite crystallites form, they are organized (textured) with respect to the chitin present in this biocomposite. This suggests that chitin may serve as a template for crystallization when the side of the club is fully mineralized. Further, calcite crystallites were found to form as early as 1 week after moulting of the club. This suggests that the side of the club is designed with a significant safety margin that allows for a variety of phases, i.e. the club can function independently of whether the side region has a crystalline or amorphous mineral phase. International Union of Crystallography 2023-03-14 /pmc/articles/PMC10161772/ /pubmed/36912686 http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S2052252523002075 Text en © Thorbjørn Erik Køppen Christensen et al. 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) Licence, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original authors and source are cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Papers Christensen, Thorbjørn Erik Køppen Chua, Jia Qing Isaiah Wittig, Nina Kølln Jørgensen, Mads Ry Vogel Kantor, Innokenty Thomsen, Jesper Skovhus Miserez, Ali Birkedal, Henrik Flexible design in the stomatopod dactyl club |
title | Flexible design in the stomatopod dactyl club |
title_full | Flexible design in the stomatopod dactyl club |
title_fullStr | Flexible design in the stomatopod dactyl club |
title_full_unstemmed | Flexible design in the stomatopod dactyl club |
title_short | Flexible design in the stomatopod dactyl club |
title_sort | flexible design in the stomatopod dactyl club |
topic | Research Papers |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10161772/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36912686 http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S2052252523002075 |
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