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Maternal and fetal risk factors for stillbirth in Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia: a case-control study

Introduction: stillbirth is defined as a baby born with no signs of life. Globally, around 3.2 million stillbirths occur annually, of which, 98% are experienced in low and middle-income countries. Otjozondjupa Region topped the list of regions with high burden of stillbirth in Namibia in 2016. This...

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Autores principales: Shikesho, Rebekka Ndatolewe, Amakali-Nauiseb, Taimi, Nyarko, Kofi Mensah
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: The African Field Epidemiology Network 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10162887/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37159625
http://dx.doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.44.73.26724
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author Shikesho, Rebekka Ndatolewe
Amakali-Nauiseb, Taimi
Nyarko, Kofi Mensah
author_facet Shikesho, Rebekka Ndatolewe
Amakali-Nauiseb, Taimi
Nyarko, Kofi Mensah
author_sort Shikesho, Rebekka Ndatolewe
collection PubMed
description Introduction: stillbirth is defined as a baby born with no signs of life. Globally, around 3.2 million stillbirths occur annually, of which, 98% are experienced in low and middle-income countries. Otjozondjupa Region topped the list of regions with high burden of stillbirth in Namibia in 2016. This study sought to elucidate risk factors for stillbirth. Methods: an unmatched 1:2 case-control study was conducted. A sample of 285, 95 cases and 190 controls were chosen using simple random sampling method. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were done to assess the risk factors of stillbirth. Results: maternal medical and obstetric factors significantly associated with stillbirth are: premature delivery (aOR 0.13 95% CI 0.05, 0.33, P < 0.001), gestational age (aOR 0.04, 95% CI 0.00, 0.25, P < 0.001), high-risk pregnancy (aOR 3.59, 95% CI 1.35, 9.55, P = 0.01), duration of labor (aOR 4.04, 95% CI 1.56, 10.43, P = 0.003) and antenatal care (ANC) attendance (aOR 0.07, 95% CI 0.00, 0.79, P = 0.03). Only low birth weight (≤ 2500 g) was associated with stillbirth amongst fetal related factors (aOR 16.58, 95% CI 8.71, 31.55, P < 0.001). Conclusion: this study concludes that stillbirth in Otjozondjupa Region was mostly associated with maternal medical and obstetric factors. It also concluded that attending antenatal care in Otjozondjupa did not improve birth outcome.
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spelling pubmed-101628872023-05-07 Maternal and fetal risk factors for stillbirth in Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia: a case-control study Shikesho, Rebekka Ndatolewe Amakali-Nauiseb, Taimi Nyarko, Kofi Mensah Pan Afr Med J Research Introduction: stillbirth is defined as a baby born with no signs of life. Globally, around 3.2 million stillbirths occur annually, of which, 98% are experienced in low and middle-income countries. Otjozondjupa Region topped the list of regions with high burden of stillbirth in Namibia in 2016. This study sought to elucidate risk factors for stillbirth. Methods: an unmatched 1:2 case-control study was conducted. A sample of 285, 95 cases and 190 controls were chosen using simple random sampling method. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were done to assess the risk factors of stillbirth. Results: maternal medical and obstetric factors significantly associated with stillbirth are: premature delivery (aOR 0.13 95% CI 0.05, 0.33, P < 0.001), gestational age (aOR 0.04, 95% CI 0.00, 0.25, P < 0.001), high-risk pregnancy (aOR 3.59, 95% CI 1.35, 9.55, P = 0.01), duration of labor (aOR 4.04, 95% CI 1.56, 10.43, P = 0.003) and antenatal care (ANC) attendance (aOR 0.07, 95% CI 0.00, 0.79, P = 0.03). Only low birth weight (≤ 2500 g) was associated with stillbirth amongst fetal related factors (aOR 16.58, 95% CI 8.71, 31.55, P < 0.001). Conclusion: this study concludes that stillbirth in Otjozondjupa Region was mostly associated with maternal medical and obstetric factors. It also concluded that attending antenatal care in Otjozondjupa did not improve birth outcome. The African Field Epidemiology Network 2023-02-07 /pmc/articles/PMC10162887/ /pubmed/37159625 http://dx.doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.44.73.26724 Text en Copyright: Rebekka Ndatolewe Shikesho et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/The Pan African Medical Journal (ISSN: 1937-8688). This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution International 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research
Shikesho, Rebekka Ndatolewe
Amakali-Nauiseb, Taimi
Nyarko, Kofi Mensah
Maternal and fetal risk factors for stillbirth in Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia: a case-control study
title Maternal and fetal risk factors for stillbirth in Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia: a case-control study
title_full Maternal and fetal risk factors for stillbirth in Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia: a case-control study
title_fullStr Maternal and fetal risk factors for stillbirth in Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia: a case-control study
title_full_unstemmed Maternal and fetal risk factors for stillbirth in Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia: a case-control study
title_short Maternal and fetal risk factors for stillbirth in Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia: a case-control study
title_sort maternal and fetal risk factors for stillbirth in otjozondjupa region, namibia: a case-control study
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10162887/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37159625
http://dx.doi.org/10.11604/pamj.2023.44.73.26724
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