Comparison of Alveolar Bone Thickness, Sagittal Root Positions, and Arch Forms in Class I, II, and III Malocclusions: A Cephalometric Study

Objective: This retrospective study aimed to evaluate the sagittal root position, arch shapes, and alveolar bone thickness in classes I, II, and III of skeletal patterns. Material and methods: Alveolar bone thickness, sagittal root placements, and arch morphologies in classes I, II, and III malocclusions were measured using 30 study models and 30 lateral cephalograms, both with a mean age of 16.5 years. Based on their sagittal relations, 30 participants were classified into three groups each (classes I, II, and III). The ANOVA test was used to calculate the results. Results: Between the three classes, there were statistically significant differences in the AP jaw relationship and root placements. Sagittal root location and dental arch shape showed no statistically significant correlation. Conclusion: There was no correlation between the dental arch form and sagittal root position, and classes II and III were found to have higher mandibular incisor inclination. On all levels, oval arch forms were prevalent.