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Extramedullary Plasmacytomas of the Oral Cavity: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Multiple myeloma is a haematologic malignancy characterised by the proliferation of plasma cells and typically presents with lesions in bone, known as plasmacytomas. Through haematogenous spread, extramedullary plasmacytomas can develop in soft tissue in any location of the body. This case report de...

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Autores principales: Bavarian, Roxanne, Treister, Nathaniel S.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore. Pakistan 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10166320/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37197217
http://dx.doi.org/10.37029/jcas.v7i2.417
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author Bavarian, Roxanne
Treister, Nathaniel S.
author_facet Bavarian, Roxanne
Treister, Nathaniel S.
author_sort Bavarian, Roxanne
collection PubMed
description Multiple myeloma is a haematologic malignancy characterised by the proliferation of plasma cells and typically presents with lesions in bone, known as plasmacytomas. Through haematogenous spread, extramedullary plasmacytomas can develop in soft tissue in any location of the body. This case report describes a patient with multiple myeloma who presented with an extramedullary plasmacytoma on his maxillary gingiva and provides an updated review on the classification and characterisation of extramedullary plasmacytomas of the oral cavity. A 53-year-old male with a known diagnosis of multiple myeloma was referred to our clinic for evaluation of a gingival nodule, which was tender to palpation and had been present for a month. Clinical examination revealed a 1.5 cm violaceous, red nodule of the maxillary buccal attached gingiva, which did not blanch on palpation. He had a similar 1 cm, smooth, red nodule of his cutaneous skin on his left arm. Radiographic examination was within normal limits without evidence of dental or bony pathology. An incisional biopsy revealed the diagnosis of plasmacytoma, indicating relapse and progression of the patient’s multiple myeloma. Multiple myeloma can present in the oral cavity either as intrabony plasmacytomas, paraskeletal plasmacytomas or extramedullary plasmacytomas in the soft tissue. Extramedullary disease representative of haematogenous spread is concerning for high-risk disease with a poor risk prognosis.
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spelling pubmed-101663202023-05-16 Extramedullary Plasmacytomas of the Oral Cavity: A Case Report and Review of the Literature Bavarian, Roxanne Treister, Nathaniel S. J Cancer Allied Spec Case Report Multiple myeloma is a haematologic malignancy characterised by the proliferation of plasma cells and typically presents with lesions in bone, known as plasmacytomas. Through haematogenous spread, extramedullary plasmacytomas can develop in soft tissue in any location of the body. This case report describes a patient with multiple myeloma who presented with an extramedullary plasmacytoma on his maxillary gingiva and provides an updated review on the classification and characterisation of extramedullary plasmacytomas of the oral cavity. A 53-year-old male with a known diagnosis of multiple myeloma was referred to our clinic for evaluation of a gingival nodule, which was tender to palpation and had been present for a month. Clinical examination revealed a 1.5 cm violaceous, red nodule of the maxillary buccal attached gingiva, which did not blanch on palpation. He had a similar 1 cm, smooth, red nodule of his cutaneous skin on his left arm. Radiographic examination was within normal limits without evidence of dental or bony pathology. An incisional biopsy revealed the diagnosis of plasmacytoma, indicating relapse and progression of the patient’s multiple myeloma. Multiple myeloma can present in the oral cavity either as intrabony plasmacytomas, paraskeletal plasmacytomas or extramedullary plasmacytomas in the soft tissue. Extramedullary disease representative of haematogenous spread is concerning for high-risk disease with a poor risk prognosis. Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital and Research Centre, Lahore. Pakistan 2021-05-31 /pmc/articles/PMC10166320/ /pubmed/37197217 http://dx.doi.org/10.37029/jcas.v7i2.417 Text en Copyright: © 2021 Bavarian and Treister. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
spellingShingle Case Report
Bavarian, Roxanne
Treister, Nathaniel S.
Extramedullary Plasmacytomas of the Oral Cavity: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
title Extramedullary Plasmacytomas of the Oral Cavity: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
title_full Extramedullary Plasmacytomas of the Oral Cavity: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
title_fullStr Extramedullary Plasmacytomas of the Oral Cavity: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
title_full_unstemmed Extramedullary Plasmacytomas of the Oral Cavity: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
title_short Extramedullary Plasmacytomas of the Oral Cavity: A Case Report and Review of the Literature
title_sort extramedullary plasmacytomas of the oral cavity: a case report and review of the literature
topic Case Report
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10166320/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37197217
http://dx.doi.org/10.37029/jcas.v7i2.417
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