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Effect of ionic surfactants on the settling behavior of silt

Ionic surfactants are easily adsorbed by silt and clay particles, thus affecting the flocculation characteristics and settling behavior. The settling velocity, typical size, Zeta potential and surface tension of silt flocs were measured in the presence of two different kinds of ionic surfactants. Th...

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Autores principales: Huang, Zhuo, Xiang, Yuan, Liu, Yue-Xiao, Li, Guang-Fang, Cao, Hui-Qun
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10173612/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37180933
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15669
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author Huang, Zhuo
Xiang, Yuan
Liu, Yue-Xiao
Li, Guang-Fang
Cao, Hui-Qun
author_facet Huang, Zhuo
Xiang, Yuan
Liu, Yue-Xiao
Li, Guang-Fang
Cao, Hui-Qun
author_sort Huang, Zhuo
collection PubMed
description Ionic surfactants are easily adsorbed by silt and clay particles, thus affecting the flocculation characteristics and settling behavior. The settling velocity, typical size, Zeta potential and surface tension of silt flocs were measured in the presence of two different kinds of ionic surfactants. The results indicated that the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, a typical cationic surfactant) can dramatically accelerate the settling of slit particles, while the linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS, a typical anionic surfactant) slightly retarded silt sedimentation to some extent. In still water, the representative settling velocity dramatically increased from 0.36 cm s(−1) to 0.43 cm s(−1) with the increase of CTAB concentration, which increased by more than 20%. Oppositely, the sedimentation rate decreased from 0.36 cm s(−1) to 0.33 cm s(−1) with the increase of LAS concentration. In flowing water, as the flow rate increased from 0 to 20 cm s(−1) and the ionic surfactant concentration increased from 0 to 10 mg L(−1), the sedimentation rate decreased to 57% and 89% in the presence of CTAB and LAS respectively, which was due to an enhanced dispersion of silt particles and a breaking of flocs. The SEM image test shows that the floc particle size increased 1.5 times of the primary particle size under the high CTAB concentration. The flocculation induced by ionic surfactants greatly influences the sediment size as well as the law of settling velocity. The intrinsic influence mechanism was also discussed based on the variations of silt particle properties. This systematic study can be used for further development of flocculation models and particle size distribution of fine-grained soil.
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spelling pubmed-101736122023-05-12 Effect of ionic surfactants on the settling behavior of silt Huang, Zhuo Xiang, Yuan Liu, Yue-Xiao Li, Guang-Fang Cao, Hui-Qun Heliyon Research Article Ionic surfactants are easily adsorbed by silt and clay particles, thus affecting the flocculation characteristics and settling behavior. The settling velocity, typical size, Zeta potential and surface tension of silt flocs were measured in the presence of two different kinds of ionic surfactants. The results indicated that the cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB, a typical cationic surfactant) can dramatically accelerate the settling of slit particles, while the linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS, a typical anionic surfactant) slightly retarded silt sedimentation to some extent. In still water, the representative settling velocity dramatically increased from 0.36 cm s(−1) to 0.43 cm s(−1) with the increase of CTAB concentration, which increased by more than 20%. Oppositely, the sedimentation rate decreased from 0.36 cm s(−1) to 0.33 cm s(−1) with the increase of LAS concentration. In flowing water, as the flow rate increased from 0 to 20 cm s(−1) and the ionic surfactant concentration increased from 0 to 10 mg L(−1), the sedimentation rate decreased to 57% and 89% in the presence of CTAB and LAS respectively, which was due to an enhanced dispersion of silt particles and a breaking of flocs. The SEM image test shows that the floc particle size increased 1.5 times of the primary particle size under the high CTAB concentration. The flocculation induced by ionic surfactants greatly influences the sediment size as well as the law of settling velocity. The intrinsic influence mechanism was also discussed based on the variations of silt particle properties. This systematic study can be used for further development of flocculation models and particle size distribution of fine-grained soil. Elsevier 2023-04-21 /pmc/articles/PMC10173612/ /pubmed/37180933 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15669 Text en © 2023 The Authors https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
spellingShingle Research Article
Huang, Zhuo
Xiang, Yuan
Liu, Yue-Xiao
Li, Guang-Fang
Cao, Hui-Qun
Effect of ionic surfactants on the settling behavior of silt
title Effect of ionic surfactants on the settling behavior of silt
title_full Effect of ionic surfactants on the settling behavior of silt
title_fullStr Effect of ionic surfactants on the settling behavior of silt
title_full_unstemmed Effect of ionic surfactants on the settling behavior of silt
title_short Effect of ionic surfactants on the settling behavior of silt
title_sort effect of ionic surfactants on the settling behavior of silt
topic Research Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10173612/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37180933
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15669
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