Effectiveness versus Uptake: The Challenges of Implementing Evidence-Based Strategies to Reduce Surgical Site Infection in Patients with Colon Surgeries

BACKGROUND: National and international recommendations for the prevention of surgical site infection (SSI) were published six years ago, but little is known about implementation in colon surgeries. METHODS: We conducted an observational study to evaluate the implementation of seven SSI-prevention elements in colon surgeries. Study coordinators recorded the implementation using an electronic case report. Surgeons completed a survey that identified key drivers of implementation. Three peer-to-peer calls and a study coordinator survey provided insights on the obstacles and drivers to implementation. RESULTS: The elements ranged in compliance from 100% to below 1%. Absence of documentation in the electronic medical record (EMR), conflicting local policies, and a lack of standardization of processes and products were significant obstacles in implementation. DISCUSSION: Standardizing peri-operative procedures may be accomplished by implementing guidelines. Using implementation science to reduce variability and stocking leads to product standardization with items that support evidence-based practices. Administration, material management, and surgical leadership all have a duty to the patient to reduce obstacles to implement evidence-based practices. CONCLUSIONS: Our study reveals variability in in the integration of published guidelines into clinical practice. Every surgical patient deserves the best possible care by using evidence-based guidelines and practices centered on reducing SSIs.