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Menstrual disturbances following COVID-19 vaccination: A probable puzzle about the role of endocrine and immune pathways

Menstruation is a monthly shedding of the uterine wall, presented by menstrual bleeding in women of reproductive age. Menstruation is regulated by fluctuation of estrogen and progesterone, as well as other endocrine and immune pathways. Many women experienced menstrual disturbances after vaccination...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Rahimi Mansour, Farima, Keyvanfar, Amirreza, Najafiarab, Hanieh, Rajaei Firouzabadi, Shahrzad, Sefidgar, Sahar, Hooshmand Chayijan, Shaghayegh, Tarom, Mohammadreza, Fadaei, Mahta, Farzaneh, Farah, Karimzadeh Bardeei, Latifeh, Tehrani, Shabnam
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Elsevier B.V. 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10174728/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37201456
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jri.2023.103952
Descripción
Sumario:Menstruation is a monthly shedding of the uterine wall, presented by menstrual bleeding in women of reproductive age. Menstruation is regulated by fluctuation of estrogen and progesterone, as well as other endocrine and immune pathways. Many women experienced menstrual disturbances after vaccination against the novel coronavirus in the last two years. Vaccine-induced menstrual disturbances have led to discomfort and concern among reproductive-age women, such that some decided not to receive the subsequent doses of the vaccine. Although many vaccinated women report these menstrual disturbances, the mechanism is still poorly understood. This review article discusses the endocrine and immune changes following COVID-19 vaccination and the possible mechanisms of vaccine-related menstrual disturbances.