Neuromuscular activation of the quadriceps femoris, including the vastus intermedius, during isokinetic knee extensions

The purpose of this study was to compare the neuromuscular activation patterns of the individual muscles of the quadriceps femoris (QF), including the vastus intermedius (VI), during isokinetic concentric (CON) and eccentric (ECC) contractions. Thirteen healthy men performed maximum isokinetic CON and ECC knee extensions at angular velocities of 30, 90, and 120°/sec at knee joint angles from 80 to 180° (180° = full extension). The surface electromyographic (EMG) activities of the four individual muscles of the QF were recorded. The root mean squares of the EMG signals were normalized by the root mean square (nRMS) during CON contraction at 30°/sec. To investigate the nRMS changes, we classified the range of motion into four subcategories for each CON and ECC contraction. The nRMS of the VI was significantly higher in the flexed position during CON and ECC contractions at all velocities, and gradually decreased toward the extended positions regardless of the type of muscle contraction or angular velocity. These results suggest that the QF undergoes neuromuscular activation in a joint angle-dependent manner. In particular, the VI may contribute greatly during flexed contractions, independent of the type of contraction and angular velocity.