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Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Sheep and Goats in Austria: Seroprevalence, Risk Factors and Detection from Boot Swab Samples

SIMPLE SUMMARY: This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease), caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), in Austrian sheep and goats by testing 22,019 blood samples. Furthermore, detailed investigations in five MAP-infected goat herds were ca...

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Autores principales: Schrott, Juliane, Sodoma, Eva, Dünser, Michael, Tichy, Alexander, Khol, Johannes Lorenz
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10177492/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37174554
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13091517
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author Schrott, Juliane
Sodoma, Eva
Dünser, Michael
Tichy, Alexander
Khol, Johannes Lorenz
author_facet Schrott, Juliane
Sodoma, Eva
Dünser, Michael
Tichy, Alexander
Khol, Johannes Lorenz
author_sort Schrott, Juliane
collection PubMed
description SIMPLE SUMMARY: This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease), caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), in Austrian sheep and goats by testing 22,019 blood samples. Furthermore, detailed investigations in five MAP-infected goat herds were carried out to detect the disease in blood and faecal samples. The detected animal MAP seroprevalence was 2.0% for goats and 0.7% for sheep (calculated true prevalence 3.5% and 1.2%, respectively). Herd-level apparent MAP seroprevalence was 11.1% for goat herds and 8.9% for sheep flocks. Herds with a more intensive production system had a significantly higher risk of being infected, as well as farms with frequent trading of animals or where other ruminant species were kept on the same premise. In the five goat farms investigated, 21.8% (11.7%–28.0%, calculated true seroprevalence 38.6%) of the animals were found to be infected and 12.3% (5.0%–24.7%) of the animals were shedding the bacterium with their faeces. It was further possible to identify the bacterium using boot swab samples from the stable environment in each of the five herds. The results indicated a moderate paratuberculosis infection rate in small ruminants in Austria. ABSTRACT: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in small ruminants in Austria by testing 22,019 serum samples with ELISA for the presence of specific antibodies. Furthermore, detailed investigations in five MAP-infected goat herds were carried out by ELISA, qPCR and bacterial culture. The found animal-level apparent MAP seroprevalence was 2.0% for goats and 0.7% for sheep (calculated true prevalence 3.5% and 1.2%, respectively). Herd-level apparent MAP seroprevalence was 11.1% for goat herds and 8.9% for sheep flocks. Significant risk factors for seropositivity in goat herds were: herd size, animal trading, farmed as a dairy herd, Animal Health Service membership and cohabitation with farmed game. For sheep flocks, seroprevalence was significantly higher in flocks with animal trading and where cattle or goats were kept in the flock, respectively. The overall apparent within-herd MAP seroprevalence in the five goat farms investigated was 21.8% (11.7%–28.0%, calculated true seroprevalence 38.6%) and an overall rate of MAP shedding of 12.3% was detected (5.0%–24.7%). It was possible to identify MAP by culture using boot swab samples in each herd. The results indicated a moderate MAP infection rate in small ruminants in Austria.
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spelling pubmed-101774922023-05-13 Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Sheep and Goats in Austria: Seroprevalence, Risk Factors and Detection from Boot Swab Samples Schrott, Juliane Sodoma, Eva Dünser, Michael Tichy, Alexander Khol, Johannes Lorenz Animals (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of paratuberculosis (Johne’s disease), caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), in Austrian sheep and goats by testing 22,019 blood samples. Furthermore, detailed investigations in five MAP-infected goat herds were carried out to detect the disease in blood and faecal samples. The detected animal MAP seroprevalence was 2.0% for goats and 0.7% for sheep (calculated true prevalence 3.5% and 1.2%, respectively). Herd-level apparent MAP seroprevalence was 11.1% for goat herds and 8.9% for sheep flocks. Herds with a more intensive production system had a significantly higher risk of being infected, as well as farms with frequent trading of animals or where other ruminant species were kept on the same premise. In the five goat farms investigated, 21.8% (11.7%–28.0%, calculated true seroprevalence 38.6%) of the animals were found to be infected and 12.3% (5.0%–24.7%) of the animals were shedding the bacterium with their faeces. It was further possible to identify the bacterium using boot swab samples from the stable environment in each of the five herds. The results indicated a moderate paratuberculosis infection rate in small ruminants in Austria. ABSTRACT: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) in small ruminants in Austria by testing 22,019 serum samples with ELISA for the presence of specific antibodies. Furthermore, detailed investigations in five MAP-infected goat herds were carried out by ELISA, qPCR and bacterial culture. The found animal-level apparent MAP seroprevalence was 2.0% for goats and 0.7% for sheep (calculated true prevalence 3.5% and 1.2%, respectively). Herd-level apparent MAP seroprevalence was 11.1% for goat herds and 8.9% for sheep flocks. Significant risk factors for seropositivity in goat herds were: herd size, animal trading, farmed as a dairy herd, Animal Health Service membership and cohabitation with farmed game. For sheep flocks, seroprevalence was significantly higher in flocks with animal trading and where cattle or goats were kept in the flock, respectively. The overall apparent within-herd MAP seroprevalence in the five goat farms investigated was 21.8% (11.7%–28.0%, calculated true seroprevalence 38.6%) and an overall rate of MAP shedding of 12.3% was detected (5.0%–24.7%). It was possible to identify MAP by culture using boot swab samples in each herd. The results indicated a moderate MAP infection rate in small ruminants in Austria. MDPI 2023-04-30 /pmc/articles/PMC10177492/ /pubmed/37174554 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13091517 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Schrott, Juliane
Sodoma, Eva
Dünser, Michael
Tichy, Alexander
Khol, Johannes Lorenz
Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Sheep and Goats in Austria: Seroprevalence, Risk Factors and Detection from Boot Swab Samples
title Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Sheep and Goats in Austria: Seroprevalence, Risk Factors and Detection from Boot Swab Samples
title_full Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Sheep and Goats in Austria: Seroprevalence, Risk Factors and Detection from Boot Swab Samples
title_fullStr Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Sheep and Goats in Austria: Seroprevalence, Risk Factors and Detection from Boot Swab Samples
title_full_unstemmed Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Sheep and Goats in Austria: Seroprevalence, Risk Factors and Detection from Boot Swab Samples
title_short Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in Sheep and Goats in Austria: Seroprevalence, Risk Factors and Detection from Boot Swab Samples
title_sort mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis in sheep and goats in austria: seroprevalence, risk factors and detection from boot swab samples
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10177492/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37174554
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13091517
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