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Toward the Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds from Tomato Plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Treated with Trichoderma virens or/and Botrytis cinerea

Gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea causes significant losses in tomato crops. B. cinerea infection may be halted by volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which may exhibit fungistatic activity or enhance the defense responses of plants against the pathogen. The enhanced VOC generation was observed in...

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Autores principales: Nawrocka, Justyna, Szymczak, Kamil, Skwarek-Fadecka, Monika, Małolepsza, Urszula
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10177525/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37174671
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12091271
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author Nawrocka, Justyna
Szymczak, Kamil
Skwarek-Fadecka, Monika
Małolepsza, Urszula
author_facet Nawrocka, Justyna
Szymczak, Kamil
Skwarek-Fadecka, Monika
Małolepsza, Urszula
author_sort Nawrocka, Justyna
collection PubMed
description Gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea causes significant losses in tomato crops. B. cinerea infection may be halted by volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which may exhibit fungistatic activity or enhance the defense responses of plants against the pathogen. The enhanced VOC generation was observed in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), with the soil-applied biocontrol agent Trichoderma virens (10(6) spores/1 g soil), which decreased the gray mold disease index in plant leaves at 72 hpi with B. cinerea suspension (1 × 10(6) spores/mL). The tomato leaves were found to emit 100 VOCs, annotated and putatively annotated, assigned to six classes by the headspace GCxGC TOF-MS method. In Trichoderma-treated plants with a decreased grey mold disease index, the increased emission or appearance of 2-hexenal, (2E,4E)-2,4-hexadienal, 2-hexyn-1-ol, 3,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one, 1-octen-3-ol, 1,5-octadien-3-ol, 2-octenal, octanal, 2-penten-1-ol, (Z)-6-nonenal, prenol, and acetophenone, and 2-hydroxyacetophenone, β-phellandrene, β-myrcene, 2-carene, δ-elemene, and isocaryophyllene, and β-ionone, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, and 2-ethyl-, and 2-pentylfuran, ethyl, butyl, and hexyl acetate were most noticeable. This is the first report of the VOCs that were released by tomato plants treated with Trichoderma, which may be used in practice against B. cinerea, although this requires further analysis, including the complete identification of VOCs and determination of their potential as agents that are capable of the direct and indirect control of pathogens.
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spelling pubmed-101775252023-05-13 Toward the Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds from Tomato Plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Treated with Trichoderma virens or/and Botrytis cinerea Nawrocka, Justyna Szymczak, Kamil Skwarek-Fadecka, Monika Małolepsza, Urszula Cells Article Gray mold caused by Botrytis cinerea causes significant losses in tomato crops. B. cinerea infection may be halted by volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which may exhibit fungistatic activity or enhance the defense responses of plants against the pathogen. The enhanced VOC generation was observed in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.), with the soil-applied biocontrol agent Trichoderma virens (10(6) spores/1 g soil), which decreased the gray mold disease index in plant leaves at 72 hpi with B. cinerea suspension (1 × 10(6) spores/mL). The tomato leaves were found to emit 100 VOCs, annotated and putatively annotated, assigned to six classes by the headspace GCxGC TOF-MS method. In Trichoderma-treated plants with a decreased grey mold disease index, the increased emission or appearance of 2-hexenal, (2E,4E)-2,4-hexadienal, 2-hexyn-1-ol, 3,6,6-trimethyl-2-cyclohexen-1-one, 1-octen-3-ol, 1,5-octadien-3-ol, 2-octenal, octanal, 2-penten-1-ol, (Z)-6-nonenal, prenol, and acetophenone, and 2-hydroxyacetophenone, β-phellandrene, β-myrcene, 2-carene, δ-elemene, and isocaryophyllene, and β-ionone, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, and 2-ethyl-, and 2-pentylfuran, ethyl, butyl, and hexyl acetate were most noticeable. This is the first report of the VOCs that were released by tomato plants treated with Trichoderma, which may be used in practice against B. cinerea, although this requires further analysis, including the complete identification of VOCs and determination of their potential as agents that are capable of the direct and indirect control of pathogens. MDPI 2023-04-27 /pmc/articles/PMC10177525/ /pubmed/37174671 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12091271 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Nawrocka, Justyna
Szymczak, Kamil
Skwarek-Fadecka, Monika
Małolepsza, Urszula
Toward the Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds from Tomato Plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Treated with Trichoderma virens or/and Botrytis cinerea
title Toward the Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds from Tomato Plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Treated with Trichoderma virens or/and Botrytis cinerea
title_full Toward the Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds from Tomato Plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Treated with Trichoderma virens or/and Botrytis cinerea
title_fullStr Toward the Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds from Tomato Plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Treated with Trichoderma virens or/and Botrytis cinerea
title_full_unstemmed Toward the Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds from Tomato Plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Treated with Trichoderma virens or/and Botrytis cinerea
title_short Toward the Analysis of Volatile Organic Compounds from Tomato Plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Treated with Trichoderma virens or/and Botrytis cinerea
title_sort toward the analysis of volatile organic compounds from tomato plants (solanum lycopersicum l.) treated with trichoderma virens or/and botrytis cinerea
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10177525/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37174671
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12091271
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