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The Effects of Extrinsic and Intrinsic Factors on Neurogenesis

In the mammalian brain, neurogenesis is maintained throughout adulthood primarily in two typical niches, the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus and the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles and in other nonclassic neurogenic areas (e.g., the amygdala and striatum). During pren...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Jiang, Mei, Jang, Se Eun, Zeng, Li
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10177620/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37174685
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12091285
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author Jiang, Mei
Jang, Se Eun
Zeng, Li
author_facet Jiang, Mei
Jang, Se Eun
Zeng, Li
author_sort Jiang, Mei
collection PubMed
description In the mammalian brain, neurogenesis is maintained throughout adulthood primarily in two typical niches, the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus and the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles and in other nonclassic neurogenic areas (e.g., the amygdala and striatum). During prenatal and early postnatal development, neural stem cells (NSCs) differentiate into neurons and migrate to appropriate areas such as the olfactory bulb where they integrate into existing neural networks; these phenomena constitute the multistep process of neurogenesis. Alterations in any of these processes impair neurogenesis and may even lead to brain dysfunction, including cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration. Here, we first summarize the main properties of mammalian neurogenic niches to describe the cellular and molecular mechanisms of neurogenesis. Accumulating evidence indicates that neurogenesis plays an integral role in neuronal plasticity in the brain and cognition in the postnatal period. Given that neurogenesis can be highly modulated by a number of extrinsic and intrinsic factors, we discuss the impact of extrinsic (e.g., alcohol) and intrinsic (e.g., hormones) modulators on neurogenesis. Additionally, we provide an overview of the contribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection to persistent neurological sequelae such as neurodegeneration, neurogenic defects and accelerated neuronal cell death. Together, our review provides a link between extrinsic/intrinsic factors and neurogenesis and explains the possible mechanisms of abnormal neurogenesis underlying neurological disorders.
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spelling pubmed-101776202023-05-13 The Effects of Extrinsic and Intrinsic Factors on Neurogenesis Jiang, Mei Jang, Se Eun Zeng, Li Cells Review In the mammalian brain, neurogenesis is maintained throughout adulthood primarily in two typical niches, the subgranular zone (SGZ) of the dentate gyrus and the subventricular zone (SVZ) of the lateral ventricles and in other nonclassic neurogenic areas (e.g., the amygdala and striatum). During prenatal and early postnatal development, neural stem cells (NSCs) differentiate into neurons and migrate to appropriate areas such as the olfactory bulb where they integrate into existing neural networks; these phenomena constitute the multistep process of neurogenesis. Alterations in any of these processes impair neurogenesis and may even lead to brain dysfunction, including cognitive impairment and neurodegeneration. Here, we first summarize the main properties of mammalian neurogenic niches to describe the cellular and molecular mechanisms of neurogenesis. Accumulating evidence indicates that neurogenesis plays an integral role in neuronal plasticity in the brain and cognition in the postnatal period. Given that neurogenesis can be highly modulated by a number of extrinsic and intrinsic factors, we discuss the impact of extrinsic (e.g., alcohol) and intrinsic (e.g., hormones) modulators on neurogenesis. Additionally, we provide an overview of the contribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection to persistent neurological sequelae such as neurodegeneration, neurogenic defects and accelerated neuronal cell death. Together, our review provides a link between extrinsic/intrinsic factors and neurogenesis and explains the possible mechanisms of abnormal neurogenesis underlying neurological disorders. MDPI 2023-04-29 /pmc/articles/PMC10177620/ /pubmed/37174685 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12091285 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Jiang, Mei
Jang, Se Eun
Zeng, Li
The Effects of Extrinsic and Intrinsic Factors on Neurogenesis
title The Effects of Extrinsic and Intrinsic Factors on Neurogenesis
title_full The Effects of Extrinsic and Intrinsic Factors on Neurogenesis
title_fullStr The Effects of Extrinsic and Intrinsic Factors on Neurogenesis
title_full_unstemmed The Effects of Extrinsic and Intrinsic Factors on Neurogenesis
title_short The Effects of Extrinsic and Intrinsic Factors on Neurogenesis
title_sort effects of extrinsic and intrinsic factors on neurogenesis
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10177620/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37174685
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12091285
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