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Anthocyanins and Vascular Health: A Matter of Metabolites
Anthocyanins are a subgroup of flavonoid polyphenols previously investigated for improving cardiovascular health and preventing the development of endothelial dysfunction. However, their poor bioavailability raises the question of whether the observed biological activity is due to their metabolites....
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2023
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10178014/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37174334 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12091796 |
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author | Festa, Joseph Hussain, Aamir Al-Hareth, Zakia Singh, Harprit Da Boit, Mariasole |
author_facet | Festa, Joseph Hussain, Aamir Al-Hareth, Zakia Singh, Harprit Da Boit, Mariasole |
author_sort | Festa, Joseph |
collection | PubMed |
description | Anthocyanins are a subgroup of flavonoid polyphenols previously investigated for improving cardiovascular health and preventing the development of endothelial dysfunction. However, their poor bioavailability raises the question of whether the observed biological activity is due to their metabolites. Phenolic metabolites can reach higher plasma concentrations and can persist in the circulation for periods much longer than their original anthocyanin form; therefore, the biological activity and health promoting effects of anthocyanins may differ from their metabolites. To address this, recent studies have facilitated different cell models, in vivo studies and explored physiologically relevant concentrations to better understand their mechanisms of action. The criteria were chosen based on previous reports demonstrating that anthocyanins can improve endothelial function via modulation of the Akt-endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway and transcription factors Nrf2 and NF-κB, which made it critical to assess the phenolic metabolites’ modes of action via these pathways. This review demonstrates how phenolic metabolites differ in bioactivity from their precursor anthocyanin, demonstrating improved endothelial function in response to inflammatory mediators at concentrations that are tolerated in vivo. The review highlights the crucial need for further studies to focus on improving the bioavailability of metabolites in isolation and explore the effect of metabolites in mixtures. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-10178014 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2023 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-101780142023-05-13 Anthocyanins and Vascular Health: A Matter of Metabolites Festa, Joseph Hussain, Aamir Al-Hareth, Zakia Singh, Harprit Da Boit, Mariasole Foods Review Anthocyanins are a subgroup of flavonoid polyphenols previously investigated for improving cardiovascular health and preventing the development of endothelial dysfunction. However, their poor bioavailability raises the question of whether the observed biological activity is due to their metabolites. Phenolic metabolites can reach higher plasma concentrations and can persist in the circulation for periods much longer than their original anthocyanin form; therefore, the biological activity and health promoting effects of anthocyanins may differ from their metabolites. To address this, recent studies have facilitated different cell models, in vivo studies and explored physiologically relevant concentrations to better understand their mechanisms of action. The criteria were chosen based on previous reports demonstrating that anthocyanins can improve endothelial function via modulation of the Akt-endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway and transcription factors Nrf2 and NF-κB, which made it critical to assess the phenolic metabolites’ modes of action via these pathways. This review demonstrates how phenolic metabolites differ in bioactivity from their precursor anthocyanin, demonstrating improved endothelial function in response to inflammatory mediators at concentrations that are tolerated in vivo. The review highlights the crucial need for further studies to focus on improving the bioavailability of metabolites in isolation and explore the effect of metabolites in mixtures. MDPI 2023-04-26 /pmc/articles/PMC10178014/ /pubmed/37174334 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12091796 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Festa, Joseph Hussain, Aamir Al-Hareth, Zakia Singh, Harprit Da Boit, Mariasole Anthocyanins and Vascular Health: A Matter of Metabolites |
title | Anthocyanins and Vascular Health: A Matter of Metabolites |
title_full | Anthocyanins and Vascular Health: A Matter of Metabolites |
title_fullStr | Anthocyanins and Vascular Health: A Matter of Metabolites |
title_full_unstemmed | Anthocyanins and Vascular Health: A Matter of Metabolites |
title_short | Anthocyanins and Vascular Health: A Matter of Metabolites |
title_sort | anthocyanins and vascular health: a matter of metabolites |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10178014/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37174334 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12091796 |
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