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Anthocyanins and Vascular Health: A Matter of Metabolites

Anthocyanins are a subgroup of flavonoid polyphenols previously investigated for improving cardiovascular health and preventing the development of endothelial dysfunction. However, their poor bioavailability raises the question of whether the observed biological activity is due to their metabolites....

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Autores principales: Festa, Joseph, Hussain, Aamir, Al-Hareth, Zakia, Singh, Harprit, Da Boit, Mariasole
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2023
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10178014/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37174334
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12091796
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author Festa, Joseph
Hussain, Aamir
Al-Hareth, Zakia
Singh, Harprit
Da Boit, Mariasole
author_facet Festa, Joseph
Hussain, Aamir
Al-Hareth, Zakia
Singh, Harprit
Da Boit, Mariasole
author_sort Festa, Joseph
collection PubMed
description Anthocyanins are a subgroup of flavonoid polyphenols previously investigated for improving cardiovascular health and preventing the development of endothelial dysfunction. However, their poor bioavailability raises the question of whether the observed biological activity is due to their metabolites. Phenolic metabolites can reach higher plasma concentrations and can persist in the circulation for periods much longer than their original anthocyanin form; therefore, the biological activity and health promoting effects of anthocyanins may differ from their metabolites. To address this, recent studies have facilitated different cell models, in vivo studies and explored physiologically relevant concentrations to better understand their mechanisms of action. The criteria were chosen based on previous reports demonstrating that anthocyanins can improve endothelial function via modulation of the Akt-endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway and transcription factors Nrf2 and NF-κB, which made it critical to assess the phenolic metabolites’ modes of action via these pathways. This review demonstrates how phenolic metabolites differ in bioactivity from their precursor anthocyanin, demonstrating improved endothelial function in response to inflammatory mediators at concentrations that are tolerated in vivo. The review highlights the crucial need for further studies to focus on improving the bioavailability of metabolites in isolation and explore the effect of metabolites in mixtures.
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spelling pubmed-101780142023-05-13 Anthocyanins and Vascular Health: A Matter of Metabolites Festa, Joseph Hussain, Aamir Al-Hareth, Zakia Singh, Harprit Da Boit, Mariasole Foods Review Anthocyanins are a subgroup of flavonoid polyphenols previously investigated for improving cardiovascular health and preventing the development of endothelial dysfunction. However, their poor bioavailability raises the question of whether the observed biological activity is due to their metabolites. Phenolic metabolites can reach higher plasma concentrations and can persist in the circulation for periods much longer than their original anthocyanin form; therefore, the biological activity and health promoting effects of anthocyanins may differ from their metabolites. To address this, recent studies have facilitated different cell models, in vivo studies and explored physiologically relevant concentrations to better understand their mechanisms of action. The criteria were chosen based on previous reports demonstrating that anthocyanins can improve endothelial function via modulation of the Akt-endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway and transcription factors Nrf2 and NF-κB, which made it critical to assess the phenolic metabolites’ modes of action via these pathways. This review demonstrates how phenolic metabolites differ in bioactivity from their precursor anthocyanin, demonstrating improved endothelial function in response to inflammatory mediators at concentrations that are tolerated in vivo. The review highlights the crucial need for further studies to focus on improving the bioavailability of metabolites in isolation and explore the effect of metabolites in mixtures. MDPI 2023-04-26 /pmc/articles/PMC10178014/ /pubmed/37174334 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12091796 Text en © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Festa, Joseph
Hussain, Aamir
Al-Hareth, Zakia
Singh, Harprit
Da Boit, Mariasole
Anthocyanins and Vascular Health: A Matter of Metabolites
title Anthocyanins and Vascular Health: A Matter of Metabolites
title_full Anthocyanins and Vascular Health: A Matter of Metabolites
title_fullStr Anthocyanins and Vascular Health: A Matter of Metabolites
title_full_unstemmed Anthocyanins and Vascular Health: A Matter of Metabolites
title_short Anthocyanins and Vascular Health: A Matter of Metabolites
title_sort anthocyanins and vascular health: a matter of metabolites
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10178014/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37174334
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12091796
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